वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-44, verse-4

तामूर्मिकलिलावर्तामन्ववेक्ष्य महारथः ।
सुमन्त्रमब्रवीत् सूतमिहैवाद्य वसामहे ॥४॥

4. tāmūrmikalilāvartāmanvavekṣya mahārathaḥ ,
sumantramabravīt sūtamihaivādya vasāmahe.

4. tām ūrmikalilāvartām anvavekṣya mahārathaḥ
sumantram abravīt sūtam iha eva adya vasāmahe

4. mahārathaḥ tām ūrmikalilāvartām anvavekṣya
sūtam sumantram abravīt: iha eva adya vasāmahe

4. Having observed her (the Gaṅgā), whose waters were agitated by waves and eddies, the great warrior (Rāma) said to Sumantra, his charioteer: 'We shall stay right here today.'

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - the Gaṅgā (her, that (feminine accusative singular))

• ऊर्मिकलिलावर्ताम् (ūrmikalilāvartām) - having waters agitated by waves and eddies

• अन्ववेक्ष्य (anvavekṣya) - having observed, having seen

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Rāma (great warrior, one with a great chariot)

• सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - to Sumantra

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

• इह (iha) - here, in this place

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• वसामहे (vasāmahe) - we shall dwell/stay

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - the Gaṅgā (her, that (feminine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the Gaṅgā.

ऊर्मिकलिलावर्ताम् (ūrmikalilāvartām) - having waters agitated by waves and eddies

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ūrmikalilāvartā

ūrmikalilāvartā - agitated by waves and eddies; turbulent with waves and whirlpools

Bahuvrīhi compound: ūrmi (wave) + kalila (agitated) + āvarta (eddy)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ūrmi+kalila+āvarta)

• ūrmi – wave, billow
  noun (masculine)
• kalila – agitated, turbid, confused
  adjective (neuter)
• āvarta – eddy, whirlpool, revolving
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Gaṅgā.

अन्ववेक्ष्य (anvavekṣya) - having observed, having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root īkṣ (to see) with prefixes anu and ava, and suffix -ya

Prefixes: anu+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Action performed by Mahāratha (Rāma) before speaking.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Rāma (great warrior, one with a great chariot)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior; one owning a great chariot

Bahuvrīhi compound: mahā (great) + ratha (chariot)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

सुमन्त्रम् (sumantram) - to Sumantra

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (name of a charioteer to King Daśaratha)

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Root brū, Imperfect 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Past action of Mahāratha.

सूतम् (sūtam) - charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer; bard; son of a Kṣatriya by a Brāhmaṇa woman

Note: Appositive to Sumantra.

इह (iha) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

वसामहे (vasāmahe) - we shall dwell/stay

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (Laṭ) of vas

Present Indicative Middle/Ātmanepada

Root vas, Present 1st person plural, ātmanepada

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Refers to Rāma and his companions; implies a future sense in context.