वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-44, verse-5

अविदूरादयं नद्या बहुपुष्पप्रवालवान् ।
सुमहानिङ्गुदीवृक्षो वसामो ऽत्रैव सारथे ॥५॥

5. avidūrādayaṃ nadyā bahupuṣpapravālavān ,
sumahāniṅgudīvṛkṣo vasāmo'traiva sārathe.

5. avidūrāt ayam nadyāḥ bahupuṣpapravālavān
sumahān iṅgudīvṛkṣaḥ vasāmaḥ atra eva sārathe

5. sārathe! nadyāḥ avidūrāt ayam bahupuṣpapravālavān sumahān iṅgudīvṛkṣaḥ (asti).
atra eva vasāmaḥ.

5. O charioteer, not far from this river is this very large Iṅgudī tree, abundant with many flowers and new shoots. We shall stay right here.

Words meanings summery:

• अविदूरात् (avidūrāt) - not far from, at no great distance

• अयम् (ayam) - this Iṅgudī tree (this (masculine nominative singular))

• नद्याः (nadyāḥ) - of the river

• बहुपुष्पप्रवालवान् (bahupuṣpapravālavān) - having many flowers and sprouts/new leaves

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, very large

• इङ्गुदीवृक्षः (iṅgudīvṛkṣaḥ) - Iṅgudī tree (Balanites roxburghii)

• वसामः (vasāmaḥ) - we dwell/stay

• अत्र (atra) - at this tree (here, in this place)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• सारथे (sārathe) - O charioteer

Words meanings and morphology

अविदूरात् (avidūrāt) - not far from, at no great distance

(adjective)

Ablative, singular of avidūra

avidūra - not far, near; not remote

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: a (not) + dūra (far)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+dūra)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• dūra – far, distant
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially here, 'not far from'.

अयम् (ayam) - this Iṅgudī tree (this (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Refers to the tree.

नद्याः (nadyāḥ) - of the river

(noun)

Ablative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Used with avidūrāt to mean 'from the river'.

बहुपुष्पप्रवालवान् (bahupuṣpapravālavān) - having many flowers and sprouts/new leaves

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahupuṣpapravālavat

bahupuṣpapravālavat - abundant in flowers and shoots

Compound ending with suffix -vat (possessive)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+puṣpa+pravāla+vat)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (neuter)
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• pravāla – sprout, new leaf, coral
  noun (masculine)
• vat – having, possessing (suffix)
  suffix
  Possessive suffix used to form adjectives

Note: Qualifies 'iṅgudīvṛkṣaḥ'.

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, very large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, enormous

Prefix su (good, very) + mahat (great)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, vast, mighty
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'iṅgudīvṛkṣaḥ'.

इङ्गुदीवृक्षः (iṅgudīvṛkṣaḥ) - Iṅgudī tree (Balanites roxburghii)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of iṅgudīvṛkṣa

iṅgudīvṛkṣa - Iṅgudī tree (Balanites roxburghii)

Tatpuruṣa compound: iṅgudī (Iṅgudī plant/fruit) + vṛkṣa (tree)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (iṅgudī+vṛkṣa)

• iṅgudī – Iṅgudī plant or its fruit
  noun (feminine)
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied 'asti' (is).

वसामः (vasāmaḥ) - we dwell/stay

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of vas

Present Indicative Active

Root vas, Present 1st person plural, parasmaipada

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Implies a future sense 'we shall stay'.

अत्र (atra) - at this tree (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem idaṃ + suffix tral

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

सारथे (sārathe) - O charioteer

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

Note: Addressed to Sumantra.