वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-44, verse-24

ततश्चीरोत्तरासङ्गः संध्यामन्वास्य पश्चिमाम् ।
जलमेवाददे भोज्यं लक्ष्मणेनाहृतं स्वयम् ॥२४॥

24. tataścīrottarāsaṅgaḥ saṃdhyāmanvāsya paścimām ,
jalamevādade bhojyaṃ lakṣmaṇenāhṛtaṃ svayam.

24. tataḥ cīra uttarāsaṅgaḥ sandhyām anvāsya paścimām
jalam eva ādade bhojyam lakṣmaṇena āhṛtam svayam

24. tataḥ cīra-uttarāsaṅgaḥ (rāmaḥ) paścimām sandhyām anvāsya
(saḥ) lakṣmaṇena svayam āhṛtam jalam eva bhojyam ādade

24. Then, wearing an upper garment of bark, having performed the western (evening) twilight prayer, he took only water as food, which Lakshmana himself had brought.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, therefrom, afterwards)

• चीर उत्तरासङ्गः (cīra uttarāsaṅgaḥ) - (Rama) wearing an upper garment of bark (having an upper garment of bark, wearing a bark upper garment)

• सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - evening prayer/twilight (twilight, juncture of day and night, evening prayer)

• अन्वास्य (anvāsya) - having performed (having worshipped, having performed)

• पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - western (referring to evening twilight) (western, last, subsequent)

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed)

• आददे (ādade) - he partook (of) (he took, he accepted, he partook)

• भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - as food (to be eaten, edible, food)

• लक्ष्मणेन (lakṣmaṇena) - by Lakshmana

• आहृतम् (āhṛtam) - brought (brought, fetched)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (Lakshmana) (oneself, by oneself)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that (then, therefrom, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

चीर उत्तरासङ्गः (cīra uttarāsaṅgaḥ) - (Rama) wearing an upper garment of bark (having an upper garment of bark, wearing a bark upper garment)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cīrottarāsaṅga

cīrottarāsaṅga - one whose upper garment is made of bark

Bahuvrīhi compound, describing a person.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cīra+uttarāsaṅga)

• cīra – bark, bark garment
  noun (masculine)
• uttarāsaṅga – upper garment, covering
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rama. The sandhi in the original verse is 'cīrottarāsaṅgaḥ' (a + u = o).

सन्ध्याम् (sandhyām) - evening prayer/twilight (twilight, juncture of day and night, evening prayer)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sandhyā

sandhyā - twilight, evening, morning, juncture, junction, evening prayer

Note: Object of 'anvāsya'.

अन्वास्य (anvāsya) - having performed (having worshipped, having performed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Absolutive form from root ĀS (to sit, worship) with prefix ANU. Used to indicate a preceding action.

Prefix: anu

Root: ĀS (class 2)

Note: Functions as a gerund, 'having performed'.

पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - western (referring to evening twilight) (western, last, subsequent)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paścima

paścima - western, hindmost, last, evening

Superlative suffix 'ima' attached to 'paścā' (behind, west).

Note: Agrees with 'sandhyām'.

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

Note: Object of 'ādade'.

एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'jalam'.

आददे (ādade) - he partook (of) (he took, he accepted, he partook)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of dā

Past Tense (Perfect/Lit)

Third person singular, Perfect (liṭ) Ātmanepada. Root DĀ with prefix Ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: DĀ (class 3)

Note: Ātmanepada form. Implies action for oneself.

भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - as food (to be eaten, edible, food)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhojya

bhojya - to be eaten, edible, food

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root BHUJ (to eat, enjoy) with suffix -ya.

Root: BHUJ (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'jalam'.

लक्ष्मणेन (lakṣmaṇena) - by Lakshmana

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (proper name)

Note: Agent of 'āhṛtam'.

आहृतम् (āhṛtam) - brought (brought, fetched)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hṛta

hṛta - brought, fetched, taken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root HṚ (to carry, take) with prefix Ā and suffix -ta.

Prefix: ā

Root: HṚ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'jalam'.

स्वयम् (svayam) - himself (Lakshmana) (oneself, by oneself)

(indeclinable)