वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-2, chapter-44, verse-3
हंससारससंघुष्टां चक्रवाकोपकूजिताम् ।
शिंशुमरैश्च नक्रैश्च भुजंगैश्च निषेविताम् ॥३॥
शिंशुमरैश्च नक्रैश्च भुजंगैश्च निषेविताम् ॥३॥
3. haṃsasārasasaṃghuṣṭāṃ cakravākopakūjitām ,
śiṃśumaraiśca nakraiśca bhujaṃgaiśca niṣevitām.
śiṃśumaraiśca nakraiśca bhujaṃgaiśca niṣevitām.
3.
haṃsasārasasaṃghuṣṭām cakravākopakūjitām
śiṃśumaraiḥ ca nakraiḥ ca bhujaṃgaiḥ ca niṣevitām
śiṃśumaraiḥ ca nakraiḥ ca bhujaṃgaiḥ ca niṣevitām
3.
(gaṅgām) haṃsasārasasaṃghuṣṭām cakravākopakūjitām
śiṃśumaraiḥ ca nakraiḥ ca bhujaṃgaiḥ ca niṣevitām
śiṃśumaraiḥ ca nakraiḥ ca bhujaṃgaiḥ ca niṣevitām
3.
(He saw the Gaṅgā) resounded by swans and cranes, echoed by ruddy geese (cakravāka birds), and frequented by porpoises, crocodiles, and snakes.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- हंससारससंघुष्टाम् (haṁsasārasasaṁghuṣṭām) - resounded by swans and cranes
- चक्रवाकोपकूजिताम् (cakravākopakūjitām) - resounded/echoed by ruddy geese (cakravāka birds)
- शिंशुमरैः (śiṁśumaraiḥ) - by porpoises, dolphins
- च (ca) - and, also
- नक्रैः (nakraiḥ) - by crocodiles
- च (ca) - and, also
- भुजंगैः (bhujaṁgaiḥ) - by snakes, by reptiles
- च (ca) - and, also
- निषेविताम् (niṣevitām) - frequented, attended, served
Words meanings and morphology
हंससारससंघुष्टाम् (haṁsasārasasaṁghuṣṭām) - resounded by swans and cranes
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of haṃsasārasasaṃghuṣṭā
haṁsasārasasaṁghuṣṭā - resounded by swans and cranes
Bahuvrīhi compound: haṃsa (swan) + sārasa (crane) + saṃghuṣṭa (resounded)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (haṃsa+sārasa+saṃghuṣṭa)
- haṃsa – swan, goose
noun (masculine) - sārasa – crane
noun (masculine) - saṃghuṣṭa – resounded, proclaimed, made to sound
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root ghuṣ (to resound) with prefix sam
Prefix: sam
Root: ghuṣ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies Gaṅgā.
चक्रवाकोपकूजिताम् (cakravākopakūjitām) - resounded/echoed by ruddy geese (cakravāka birds)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of cakravākopakūjitā
cakravākopakūjitā - made melodious or echoed by ruddy geese
Tatpuruṣa compound: cakravāka (ruddy goose) + upakūjitā (echoed)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cakravāka+upakūjitā)
- cakravāka – ruddy goose, Brahmany duck
noun (masculine) - upakūjitā – made melodious by, echoed by, cooed by
adjective (feminine)
Past Passive Participle
From root kūj (to coo, murmur) with prefix upa
Prefix: upa
Root: kūj (class 1)
Note: Qualifies Gaṅgā.
शिंशुमरैः (śiṁśumaraiḥ) - by porpoises, dolphins
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śiṃśumara
śiṁśumara - porpoise, dolphin, Gangetic dolphin
Note: Agents of niṣevitām.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
नक्रैः (nakraiḥ) - by crocodiles
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of nakra
nakra - crocodile, alligator
Note: Agents of niṣevitām.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
भुजंगैः (bhujaṁgaiḥ) - by snakes, by reptiles
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhujaṃga
bhujaṁga - snake, serpent; a kind of reptile
From bhuj (to bend) + ga (going)
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Agents of niṣevitām.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
निषेविताम् (niṣevitām) - frequented, attended, served
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of niṣevitā
niṣevitā - frequented, attended, served, resorted to
Past Passive Participle
From root sev (to serve) with prefix ni
Prefix: ni
Root: sev (class 1)
Note: Qualifies Gaṅgā.