वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-29, verse-24

तमुवाच ततो रामः परिहाससमन्वितम् ।
गवां सहस्रमप्येकं न तु विश्राणितं मया ।
परिक्षिपसि दण्डेन यावत्तावदवाप्स्यसि ॥२४॥

24. tamuvāca tato rāmaḥ parihāsasamanvitam ,
gavāṃ sahasramapyekaṃ na tu viśrāṇitaṃ mayā ,
parikṣipasi daṇḍena yāvattāvadavāpsyasi.

24. tam uvāca tataḥ rāmaḥ parihāsasamanvitam
gavām sahasram api ekam
na tu viśrāṇitam mayā parikṣipasi
daṇḍena yāvat tāvat avāpsyasi

24. tataḥ rāmaḥ tam parihāsasamanvitam
uvāca ekam sahasram gavām api
mayā na tu viśrāṇitam yāvat
daṇḍena parikṣipasi tāvat avāpsyasi

24. Then Rama spoke to him playfully, "I have not even bestowed a single thousand cows (meaning, 'I have nothing to give like that right now'). However, as far as you can mark out with your staff, that much you shall obtain."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him (Trijata) (him, that)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, therefore)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama (proper name))

• परिहाससमन्वितम् (parihāsasamanvitam) - playfully (how Rama spoke) (accompanied by jest, playfully)

• गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

• सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

• एकम् (ekam) - one (referring to a single thousand) (one, a single)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• तु (tu) - but, however (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• विश्राणितम् (viśrāṇitam) - bestowed (by me) (given, bestowed, offered)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• परिक्षिपसि (parikṣipasi) - you mark out / encompass (you throw around, you encompass, you enclose)

• दण्डेन (daṇḍena) - with a staff (as an instrument for marking) (with a stick, by a staff, by punishment)

• यावत् (yāvat) - as far as (as much as, as far as, as long as)

• तावत् (tāvat) - that much (that much, so far, so long)

• अवाप्स्यसि (avāpsyasi) - you will obtain (you will obtain, attain)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him (Trijata) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

root 'vac' (class 2) in Liṭ-lakāra

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (indicating sequence) (then, thence, therefore)

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama (Rama (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name, particularly a prominent deity in Hinduism)

परिहाससमन्वितम् (parihāsasamanvitam) - playfully (how Rama spoke) (accompanied by jest, playfully)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parihāsa+samanvita)

• parihāsa – jest, humor, ridicule
  noun (masculine)
• samanvita – accompanied by, endowed with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'i' with prefixes 'sam' and 'anu'
  Prefixes: sam+anu
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of the adjective, used adverbially.

गवाम् (gavām) - of cows

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle

सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sahasra

sahasra - a thousand

Note: Could also be nominative neuter, but context implies direct object.

अपि (api) - even (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एकम् (ekam) - one (referring to a single thousand) (one, a single)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of eka

eka - one, a single

Note: Agrees with 'sahasram'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

negative particle

तु (tu) - but, however (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

विश्राणितम् (viśrāṇitam) - bestowed (by me) (given, bestowed, offered)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viśrāṇita

viśrāṇita - given, bestowed, offered

Past Passive Participle

from root 'śrāṇ' (to give) with prefix 'vi'

Prefix: vi

Root: śrāṇ

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'viśrāṇitam'.

परिक्षिपसि (parikṣipasi) - you mark out / encompass (you throw around, you encompass, you enclose)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṣip

Present tense, 2nd person singular

root 'kṣip' (class 6) with prefix 'pari' in Laṭ-lakāra

Prefix: pari

Root: kṣip (class 6)

दण्डेन (daṇḍena) - with a staff (as an instrument for marking) (with a stick, by a staff, by punishment)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - stick, staff, rod, punishment

यावत् (yāvat) - as far as (as much as, as far as, as long as)

(indeclinable)

तावत् (tāvat) - that much (that much, so far, so long)

(indeclinable)

अवाप्स्यसि (avāpsyasi) - you will obtain (you will obtain, attain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of āp

Future tense, 2nd person singular

from root 'āp' (class 5) with prefix 'ava' in Lṛṭ-lakāra

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)