वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-29, verse-23

स राजपुत्रमासाद्य त्रिजटो वाक्यमब्रवीत् ।
निर्धनो बहुपुत्रो ऽस्मि राजपुत्र महायशः ।
उञ्छवृत्तिर्वने नित्यं प्रत्यवेक्षस्व मामिति ॥२३॥

23. sa rājaputramāsādya trijaṭo vākyamabravīt ,
nirdhano bahuputro'smi rājaputra mahāyaśaḥ ,
uñchavṛttirvane nityaṃ pratyavekṣasva māmiti.

23. sa rājaputram āsādya trijaṭaḥ vākyam
abravīt nirdhanaḥ bahuputraḥ asmi
rājaputra mahāyaśaḥ uñchavṛttiḥ
vane nityam pratyavekṣasva mām iti

23. saḥ rājaputram āsādya trijaṭaḥ vākyam
abravīt rājaputra mahāyaśaḥ
nirdhanaḥ bahuputraḥ asmi nityam vane
uñchavṛttiḥ mām pratyavekṣasva iti

23. Having approached the prince (rājaputra), Trijata spoke: "O greatly renowned prince (rājaputra), I am poor and have many sons. I constantly subsist by gleaning (uñchavṛtti) in the forest. Therefore, please consider my situation."

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (referring to Trijata) (he, that)

• राजपुत्रम् (rājaputram) - to the prince (Rama) (prince, king's son)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

• त्रिजटः (trijaṭaḥ) - Trijata (having three matted locks; a proper name)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (a statement) (speech, word, sentence)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (to the prince) (he spoke, said)

• निर्धनः (nirdhanaḥ) - poor (poor, without wealth)

• बहुपुत्रः (bahuputraḥ) - having many sons

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• राजपुत्र (rājaputra) - O prince (addressing Rama) (O prince, O king's son)

• महायशः (mahāyaśaḥ) - O greatly glorious one (addressing Rama) (greatly glorious, renowned, famous)

• उञ्छवृत्तिः (uñchavṛttiḥ) - living by gleaning (uñchavṛtti) (living by gleaning, subsisting by picking up scattered grains)

• वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in a grove)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

• प्रत्यवेक्षस्व (pratyavekṣasva) - consider (my situation) (look after, consider, examine)

• माम् (mām) - me

• इति (iti) - thus (marks the end of the speech) (thus, so, end of quote)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (referring to Trijata) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

राजपुत्रम् (rājaputram) - to the prince (Rama) (prince, king's son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājaputra

rājaputra - king's son, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached (having reached, having approached, having obtained)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

root 'sad' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

त्रिजटः (trijaṭaḥ) - Trijata (having three matted locks; a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trijaṭa

trijaṭa - having three matted locks; a proper name

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+jaṭa)

• tri – three
  numeral
• jaṭa – matted hair
  noun (masculine)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words (a statement) (speech, word, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence

derived from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (to the prince) (he spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular

root 'brū' (class 2) in Laṅ-lakāra

Root: brū (class 2)

निर्धनः (nirdhanaḥ) - poor (poor, without wealth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirdhana

nirdhana - without wealth, poor

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+dhana)

• nis – without, out, away
  prefix
• dhana – wealth, property
  noun (neuter)

बहुपुत्रः (bahuputraḥ) - having many sons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahuputra

bahuputra - having many sons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+putra)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, 1st person singular

root 'as' (class 2) in Laṭ-lakāra

Root: as (class 2)

राजपुत्र (rājaputra) - O prince (addressing Rama) (O prince, O king's son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājaputra

rājaputra - king's son, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

महायशः (mahāyaśaḥ) - O greatly glorious one (addressing Rama) (greatly glorious, renowned, famous)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly glorious, renowned, famous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+yaśas)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• yaśas – glory, fame, renown
  noun (neuter)

उञ्छवृत्तिः (uñchavṛttiḥ) - living by gleaning (uñchavṛtti) (living by gleaning, subsisting by picking up scattered grains)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of uñchavṛtti

uñchavṛtti - living by gleaning, subsisting by picking up scattered grains

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uñcha+vṛtti)

• uñcha – gleaning (of grains)
  noun (masculine)
• vṛtti – livelihood, manner of life, activity
  noun (feminine)
  from root 'vṛt' (to be, exist)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

वने (vane) - in the forest (in the forest, in a grove)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

accusative singular neuter of the adjective used adverbially

प्रत्यवेक्षस्व (pratyavekṣasva) - consider (my situation) (look after, consider, examine)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of pratyavekṣ

Imperative, 2nd person singular, middle voice

root 'īkṣ' with prefixes 'prati' and 'ava'

Prefixes: prati+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

इति (iti) - thus (marks the end of the speech) (thus, so, end of quote)

(indeclinable)