वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-66, verse-3

जनकेन समादिष्ठाः सचिवाः प्राविशन्पुरीम् ।
तद्धनुः पुरतः कृत्वा निर्जग्मुः पार्थिवाज्ञया ॥३॥

3. janakena samādiṣṭhāḥ sacivāḥ prāviśanpurīm ,
taddhanuḥ purataḥ kṛtvā nirjagmuḥ pārthivājñayā.

3. janakena samādiṣṭāḥ sacivāḥ prāviśan purīm tat
dhanuḥ purataḥ kṛtvā nirjagmuḥ pārthiva ājñayā

3. janakena samādiṣṭāḥ sacivāḥ purīm prāviśan tat
dhanuḥ purataḥ kṛtvā pārthiva ājñayā nirjagmuḥ

3. Commanded by Janaka, the ministers entered the city. Placing that bow before them, they came out according to the king's order.

Words meanings summery:

• जनकेन (janakena) - by King Janaka (by Janaka)

• समादिष्टाः (samādiṣṭāḥ) - having been commanded (commanded, instructed, ordered)

• सचिवाः (sacivāḥ) - the ministers (ministers, companions)

• प्राविशन् (prāviśan) - they entered

• पुरीम् (purīm) - the city (Mithilā) (city, town)

• तत् (tat) - that (specific) (that, that one)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - the bow (bow)

• पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front (of them) (in front, before, eastward)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (having done, having made, having placed)

• निर्जग्मुः (nirjagmuḥ) - they came out (they went out, departed)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - the king's (king, ruler; earthly)

• आज्ञया (ājñayā) - by order (by command, by order)

Words meanings and morphology

जनकेन (janakena) - by King Janaka (by Janaka)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - father, progenitor; name of a king

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agent of the action 'commanded'.

समादिष्टाः (samādiṣṭāḥ) - having been commanded (commanded, instructed, ordered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samādiṣṭa

samādiṣṭa - commanded, ordered, instructed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'diś' with upasargas 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Refers to the ministers.

सचिवाः (sacivāḥ) - the ministers (ministers, companions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saciva

saciva - minister, companion, associate

Note: Subject of 'entered' and 'went forth'.

प्राविशन् (prāviśan) - they entered

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-viś

Root 'viś' with upasarga 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

पुरीम् (purīm) - the city (Mithilā) (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, stronghold

Note: Object of 'entered'.

तत् (tat) - that (specific) (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Adjective for 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - the bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front (of them) (in front, before, eastward)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (having done, having made, having placed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root 'kṛ' with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'nirjagmuḥ'.

निर्जग्मुः (nirjagmuḥ) - they came out (they went out, departed)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of nis-gam

Root 'gam' with upasarga 'nis'.

Prefix: nis

Root: gam (class 1)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - the king's (king, ruler; earthly)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler; earthly

From 'pṛthivī' (earth).

Note: Part of the compound 'pārthiva ājñayā'.

आज्ञया (ājñayā) - by order (by command, by order)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ājñā

ājñā - command, order, permission

From root 'jñā' with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates the means or reason for their departure.