वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-66, verse-16

पश्यतां नृषहस्राणां बहूनां रघुनन्दनः ।
आरोपयत् स धर्मात्मा सलीलमिव तद्धनुः ॥१६॥

16. paśyatāṃ nṛṣahasrāṇāṃ bahūnāṃ raghunandanaḥ ,
āropayat sa dharmātmā salīlamiva taddhanuḥ.

16. paśyatām nṛsahasrāṇām bahūnām raghunandanaḥ
āropayat saḥ dharmātmā salīlam iva tat dhanuḥ

16. bahūnām nṛsahasrāṇām paśyatām,
raghunandanaḥ saḥ dharmātmā tat dhanuḥ salīlam iva āropayat.

16. As thousands of men watched, Rama, the delight of Raghu's lineage, the noble-souled one, strung that bow as if with playful ease.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - of those seeing, while watching

• नृसहस्राणाम् (nṛsahasrāṇām) - of thousands of men

• बहूनाम् (bahūnām) - of many

• रघुनन्दनः (raghunandanaḥ) - Rama, the delight of Raghu's lineage

• आरोपयत् (āropayat) - he strung, he caused to ascend

• सः (saḥ) - Referring to Rama (he, that (person))

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - Rama, whose character is righteous and noble. (the noble-souled one, whose soul is (his) intrinsic nature)

• सलीलम् (salīlam) - playfully, with ease

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• तत् (tat) - that

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

Words meanings and morphology

पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - of those seeing, while watching

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, watching, looking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root dṛś (to see), with stem paśya.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नृसहस्राणाम् (nṛsahasrāṇām) - of thousands of men

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of nṛsahasra

nṛsahasra - a thousand men

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nṛ+sahasra)

• nṛ – man, male
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

बहूनाम् (bahūnām) - of many

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Agrees with 'nṛsahasrāṇām'

रघुनन्दनः (raghunandanaḥ) - Rama, the delight of Raghu's lineage

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raghunandana

raghunandana - son of Raghu, delight of Raghu's lineage (epithet for Rama)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (raghu+nandana)

• raghu – Raghu (an ancient king, ancestor of Rama)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, child, delight, rejoicer
  noun (masculine)

आरोपयत् (āropayat) - he strung, he caused to ascend

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (LAṄ) of ruh

Causative stem āropaya

Causative form of 'ruh' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - Referring to Rama (he, that (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - Rama, whose character is righteous and noble. (the noble-souled one, whose soul is (his) intrinsic nature)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - whose soul (ātman) is his intrinsic nature (dharma), righteous, noble-souled

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – intrinsic nature (dharma), righteousness, duty, natural law, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – soul (ātman), self, essence, spirit
  noun (masculine)

सलीलम् (salīlam) - playfully, with ease

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of neuter accusative singular.

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (sa+līlā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• līlā – play, sport, amusement, ease
  noun (feminine)

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, weapon, arch