महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-5, verse-22

ततो दुर्योधनः शल्यं भूमौ स्थित्वा रथे स्थितम् ।
उवाच प्राञ्जलिर्भूत्वा रामभीष्मसमं रणे ॥२२॥

22. tato duryodhanaḥ śalyaṁ bhūmau sthitvā rathe sthitam ,
uvāca prāñjalirbhūtvā rāmabhīṣmasamaṁ raṇe.

22. tataḥ duryodhanaḥ śalyam bhūmau sthitvā rathe
sthitam uvāca prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā rāmabhīṣmasamam raṇe

22. tataḥ duryodhanaḥ bhūmau sthitvā,
prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā,
raṇe rāmabhīṣmasamam rathe sthitam śalyam uvāca.

22. Then Duryodhana, standing on the ground, approached Śalya, who was seated in his chariot, and, with folded hands, addressed him, [praising him as] equal to Rāma and Bhīṣma in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

• शल्यम् (śalyam) - Śalya (the king) (Śalya (proper noun))

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - standing (having stood, standing)

• रथे (rathe) - in his chariot (in the chariot, on the chariot)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - seated (situated, standing, seated)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he addressed (he spoke, he said)

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (with folded hands, respectful)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - becoming (with folded hands) (having become, being)

• रामभीष्मसमम् (rāmabhīṣmasamam) - equal to Rāma and Bhīṣma

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

शल्यम् (śalyam) - Śalya (the king) (Śalya (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of a king)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil

Note: Location for Duryodhana's action.

स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - standing (having stood, standing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root sthā + suffix -tvā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies the action of Duryodhana.

रथे (rathe) - in his chariot (in the chariot, on the chariot)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Location for Śalya's position.

स्थितम् (sthitam) - seated (situated, standing, seated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, firm, seated

Past Passive Participle

root sthā + suffix -ta

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śalyam'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he addressed (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: From root vac.

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands (with folded hands, respectful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - with folded hands (in salutation)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, forth, before
  indeclinable
• añjali – folding of hands (in reverence)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Duryodhana, often used with 'bhūtvā'.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - becoming (with folded hands) (having become, being)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root bhū + suffix -tvā

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Absolutive, connected to 'prāñjaliḥ'.

रामभीष्मसमम् (rāmabhīṣmasamam) - equal to Rāma and Bhīṣma

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāmabhīṣmasama

rāmabhīṣmasama - equal to Rāma and Bhīṣma

Compound type : dvandva-tatpurusha (rāma+bhīṣma+sama)

• rāma – Rāma (name of the hero of Rāmāyaṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhīṣma – Bhīṣma (name of a Kuru patriarch)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sama – equal, like, similar
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'śalyam'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Specifies the sphere of equality.