महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-5, verse-15

आराध्य त्र्यम्बकं यत्नाद्व्रतैरुग्रैर्महातपाः ।
अयोनिजायामुत्पन्नो द्रोणेनायोनिजेन यः ॥१५॥

15. ārādhya tryambakaṁ yatnādvratairugrairmahātapāḥ ,
ayonijāyāmutpanno droṇenāyonijena yaḥ.

15. ārādhya tryambakam yatnāt vrataiḥ ugraiḥ mahātapāḥ
ayonijāyām utpannaḥ droṇena ayonijena yaḥ

15. yaḥ mahātapāḥ yatnāt ugraiḥ vrataiḥ tryambakam
ārādhya ayonijena droṇena ayonijāyām utpannaḥ

15. He who, a great ascetic (mahātapāḥ), diligently worshipped Tryambaka with severe vows, and who was born from a non-uterine source (ayonijā) by Droṇa, who himself was not born from a womb (ayonija).

Words meanings summery:

• आराध्य (ārādhya) - having worshipped, having propitiated, having pleased

• त्र्यम्बकम् (tryambakam) - Tryambaka (a name of Śiva), the three-eyed one

• यत्नात् (yatnāt) - with effort, diligently, carefully

• व्रतैः (vrataiḥ) - by vows, by observances, by religious practices

• उग्रैः (ugraiḥ) - severe, fierce, intense, formidable

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - a great ascetic, one who possesses great austerity (tapas)

• अयोनिजायाम् (ayonijāyām) - referring to the pot (droṇa) from which Aśvatthāmā was born, functioning as a feminine, non-wombed 'mother' (in a non-uterine female; in an un-wombed source/container)

• उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - born, produced, arisen

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

• अयोनिजेन (ayonijena) - referring to Droṇa, who was himself born from a pot and not a womb (by the un-wombed one, by one not born from a womb)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

Words meanings and morphology

आराध्य (ārādhya) - having worshipped, having propitiated, having pleased

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Indeclinable participle formed with prefix 'ā-' and suffix -ya

Prefix: ā

Root: rādh (class 5)

त्र्यम्बकम् (tryambakam) - Tryambaka (a name of Śiva), the three-eyed one

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tryambaka

tryambaka - three-eyed (a name of Śiva)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tri+ambaka)

• tri – three
  adjective
• ambaka – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'ārādhya'

यत्नात् (yatnāt) - with effort, diligently, carefully

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, endeavor, exertion, diligence

Note: Ablative used adverbially to mean 'with effort'

व्रतैः (vrataiḥ) - by vows, by observances, by religious practices

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vrata

vrata - vow, sacred observance, religious practice, duty

Note: Means by which the worship was performed

उग्रैः (ugraiḥ) - severe, fierce, intense, formidable

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of ugra

ugra - severe, fierce, intense, formidable, dreadful

Note: Modifies 'vrataiḥ'

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - a great ascetic, one who possesses great austerity (tapas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - great asceticism; one who performs great (tapas) austerity

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+tapas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tapas – asceticism, austerity, heat, penance (tapas)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'yaḥ'

अयोनिजायाम् (ayonijāyām) - referring to the pot (droṇa) from which Aśvatthāmā was born, functioning as a feminine, non-wombed 'mother' (in a non-uterine female; in an un-wombed source/container)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of ayonijā

ayonijā - not born from a womb, non-uterine, spontaneously produced (feminine form)

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+yoni+ja)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• yoni – womb, source, origin, birth-place
  noun (feminine)
• ja – born from, produced, originating from
  adjective
  Suffix
  Derived from root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - born, produced, arisen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utpanna

utpanna - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'pad' with prefix 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'yaḥ'

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Droṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name of a teacher in the Mahābhārata, born from a pot); a wooden vessel, a measure of capacity

Note: Indicates the agent of birth

अयोनिजेन (ayonijena) - referring to Droṇa, who was himself born from a pot and not a womb (by the un-wombed one, by one not born from a womb)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ayonija

ayonija - not born from a womb, non-uterine, spontaneously produced

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+yoni+ja)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• yoni – womb, source, origin, birth-place
  noun (feminine)
• ja – born from, produced, originating from
  adjective
  Suffix
  Derived from root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'droṇena'

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun referring to the subject of the description (likely Aśvatthāmā)