महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-5, verse-20

एनं सेनापतिं कृत्वा नृपतिं नृपसत्तम ।
शक्यः प्राप्तुं जयोऽस्माभिर्देवैः स्कन्दमिवाजितम् ॥२०॥

20. enaṁ senāpatiṁ kṛtvā nṛpatiṁ nṛpasattama ,
śakyaḥ prāptuṁ jayo'smābhirdevaiḥ skandamivājitam.

20. enam senāpatim kṛtvā nṛpatim nṛpasattama śakyaḥ
prāptum jayaḥ asmābhiḥ devaiḥ skandam iva ajitam

20. nṛpasattama,
asmābhiḥ enam nṛpatim senāpatim kṛtvā,
devaiḥ ajitam skandam iva,
jayaḥ prāptum śakyaḥ.

20. O best of kings, by appointing this ruler as commander-in-chief, victory can be achieved by us, just as the unconquered Skanda (Kārtikeya) was gained by the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• एनम् (enam) - this king (referring to Śalya) (him, this one)

• सेनापतिम् (senāpatim) - commander-in-chief (commander, general, chief of army)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - by appointing (as) (having made, having done, by making)

• नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - ruler (referring to Śalya) (king, ruler)

• नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best of kings (vocative, addressing Duryodhana) (best among kings, O best of kings)

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - achievable, possible to obtain (possible, capable, able to be done)

• प्राप्तुम् (prāptum) - to achieve, to gain (to obtain, to reach, to achieve)

• जयः (jayaḥ) - victory (victory, triumph)

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

• स्कन्दम् (skandam) - the god Skanda (Kārtikeya) (Skanda, Kārtikeya (god of war))

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• अजितम् (ajitam) - unconquered (unconquered, invincible)

Words meanings and morphology

एनम् (enam) - this king (referring to Śalya) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

सेनापतिम् (senāpatim) - commander-in-chief (commander, general, chief of army)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of senāpati

senāpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpurusha (senā+pati)

• senā – army, host, battle-array
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband, chief
  noun (masculine)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - by appointing (as) (having made, having done, by making)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root kṛ + suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नृपतिम् (nṛpatim) - ruler (referring to Śalya) (king, ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, husband, chief
  noun (masculine)

Note: This word is in apposition to 'enam'.

नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best of kings (vocative, addressing Duryodhana) (best among kings, O best of kings)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best of kings

superlative suffix -tama added to nṛpa-sat

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of sat (good)

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - achievable, possible to obtain (possible, capable, able to be done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, able, fit

Gerundive (karmaṇi prayoga)

derived from root śak + suffix -ya (potential passive participle)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with 'jayaḥ'.

प्राप्तुम् (prāptum) - to achieve, to gain (to obtain, to reach, to achieve)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

root āp with prefix pra, suffix -tum

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Infinitive of purpose, used with 'śakyaḥ'.

जयः (jayaḥ) - victory (victory, triumph)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaya

jaya - victory, conquest, triumph

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'śakyaḥ prāptum'.

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of aham

aham - I

Note: Agent in passive construction.

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

Root: div (class 1)

Note: Agent for obtaining Skanda.

स्कन्दम् (skandam) - the god Skanda (Kārtikeya) (Skanda, Kārtikeya (god of war))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of skanda

skanda - Skanda, Kārtikeya, god of war, son of Shiva

Root: skand (class 1)

Note: Object of implied 'prāptum' (to obtain).

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

अजितम् (ajitam) - unconquered (unconquered, invincible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ajita

ajita - unconquered, invincible, unsubdued

Past Passive Participle

neg. prefix a- + root ji + past passive participle suffix -ta

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• jita – conquered, subdued
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  root ji + past passive participle suffix -ta
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'skandam'.