महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-25, verse-9

जयत्सेनं ततो विद्ध्वा नाराचेन हसन्निव ।
पातयामास कौरव्यं रथोपस्थादरिंदमः ।
स पपात रथाद्राजन्भूमौ तूर्णं ममार च ॥९॥

9. jayatsenaṁ tato viddhvā nārācena hasanniva ,
pātayāmāsa kauravyaṁ rathopasthādariṁdamaḥ ,
sa papāta rathādrājanbhūmau tūrṇaṁ mamāra ca.

9. jayatsenam tataḥ viddhvā nārācena
hasan iva pātayāmāsa kauravyam
rathopasthāt ariṃdamaḥ saḥ papāta
rathāt rājan bhūmau tūrṇam mamāra ca

9. rājan tataḥ ariṃdamaḥ hasan iva
nārācena jayatsenam kauravyam viddhvā
rathopasthāt pātayāmāsa saḥ
rathāt bhūmau tūrṇam papāta ca mamāra

9. Then, the subduer of enemies (Bhima), as if laughing, pierced Jayatsena, the Kuru prince, with an iron arrow and caused him to fall from his chariot seat. O King, he quickly fell from the chariot to the ground and died.

Words meanings summery:

• जयत्सेनम् (jayatsenam) - Jayatsena (a Kuru warrior) (Jayatsena (name))

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, therefore)

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced (having pierced, having struck)

• नाराचेन (nārācena) - with an iron arrow (with an iron arrow, with a nārāca)

• हसन् (hasan) - laughing (participle of state) (laughing, smiling)

• इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, similar to)

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall (caused to fall, threw down)

• कौरव्यम् (kauravyam) - the Kuru prince (Jayatsena) (a descendant of Kuru, a Kuru prince)

• रथोपस्थात् (rathopasthāt) - from the chariot's seat (from the chariot's seat/front)

• अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies (epithet for Bhima) (subduer of enemies)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Jayatsena) (he, that)

• पपात (papāta) - fell

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• ममार (mamāra) - died

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

जयत्सेनम् (jayatsenam) - Jayatsena (a Kuru warrior) (Jayatsena (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jayatsena

jayatsena - Jayatsena (name of a king or warrior, 'victorious army')

jayant (victorious) + senā (army)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jayant+senā)

• jayant – victorious, conquering
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root ji + -at
  Root: ji (class 1)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of viddhvā and pātayāmāsa

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced (having pierced, having struck)

(indeclinable participle)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb

नाराचेन (nārācena) - with an iron arrow (with an iron arrow, with a nārāca)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nārāca

nārāca - an iron arrow, a strong arrow

Note: Means by which the action is performed

हसन् (hasan) - laughing (participle of state) (laughing, smiling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hasant

hasant - laughing, smiling

Present Active Participle

From root has (to laugh) + -at suffix

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Describes Bhima's state.

इव (iva) - as if (as if, like, similar to)

(indeclinable)

Particle

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall (caused to fall, threw down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of pātaya

Periphrastic Perfect, Causative

Root pat (to fall), causative pātaya, periphrastic perfect with āmāsa

Root: pat (class 1)

कौरव्यम् (kauravyam) - the Kuru prince (Jayatsena) (a descendant of Kuru, a Kuru prince)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - a descendant of Kuru, a Kuru prince, pertaining to the Kurus

From kuru (Kuru dynasty) + -ya (patronymic suffix)

रथोपस्थात् (rathopasthāt) - from the chariot's seat (from the chariot's seat/front)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - the front part of a chariot, chariot seat

ratha (chariot) + upastha (lap, front, seat)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – lap, seat, front part
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa

Note: Indicates separation from

अरिंदमः (ariṁdamaḥ) - subduer of enemies (epithet for Bhima) (subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, enemy-taming

ari (enemy) + dam (to subdue) + -a

Compound type : aluk-samāsa (ari+dam)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dam – to subdue, to tame, to control
  root
  Root: dam (class 4)

Note: Subject of pātayāmāsa

सः (saḥ) - he (Jayatsena) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine of tad

Note: Subject of papāta and mamāra

पपात (papāta) - fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of pat

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect form

Root: pat (class 1)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Indicates separation from

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative, addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Note: Location where he fell.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (from tvar) used as adverb

From root tvar (to hasten) + -ṇa

Root: tvar (class 1)

ममार (mamāra) - died

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of mṛ

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect form

Root: mṛ (class 6)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction