महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-25, verse-7

ततः क्रुद्धो रणे भीमः शिरो दुर्मर्षणस्य ह ।
क्षुरप्रेण प्रमथ्याशु पातयामास भूतले ॥७॥

7. tataḥ kruddho raṇe bhīmaḥ śiro durmarṣaṇasya ha ,
kṣurapreṇa pramathyāśu pātayāmāsa bhūtale.

7. tataḥ kruddhaḥ raṇe bhīmaḥ śiraḥ durmarṣaṇasya
ha kṣurapreṇa pramathya āśu pātayāmāsa bhūtale

7. tataḥ raṇe kruddhaḥ bhīmaḥ durmarṣaṇasya śiraḥ
ha kṣurapreṇa āśu pramathya bhūtale pātayāmāsa

7. Then, enraged in battle, Bhima quickly struck Durmarṣaṇa's head with a razor-sharp arrow, causing it to fall to the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, therefore)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima (Bhima, terrible, formidable)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• दुर्मर्षणस्य (durmarṣaṇasya) - of Durmarṣaṇa (a Kaurava warrior) (of Durmarṣaṇa)

• ह (ha) - indeed (emphasizes the action) (indeed, certainly, an emphatic particle)

• क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow (with a razor-sharp arrow, with a kṣurapra (type of arrow))

• प्रमथ्य (pramathya) - having struck (and cut off) (having crushed, having struck, having destroyed)

• आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall (caused to fall, threw down)

• भूतले (bhūtale) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth's surface)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh with suffix -ta

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Bhīmaḥ

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, conflict, war

Root: raṇ (class 1)

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima (Bhima, terrible, formidable)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (name of a Pandava prince), formidable, terrible, frightful

Root: bhī (class 3)

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top

Note: Object of pramathya and pātayāmāsa

दुर्मर्षणस्य (durmarṣaṇasya) - of Durmarṣaṇa (a Kaurava warrior) (of Durmarṣaṇa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durmarṣaṇa

durmarṣaṇa - difficult to bear, intolerable; Durmarṣaṇa (name of a Kaurava)

From dur (difficult) + marṣaṇa (bearing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+marṣaṇa)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
• marṣaṇa – bearing, enduring, patience
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root mṛṣ
  Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Possessive, 'of Durmarṣaṇa'

ह (ha) - indeed (emphasizes the action) (indeed, certainly, an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

क्षुरप्रेण (kṣurapreṇa) - with a razor-sharp arrow (with a razor-sharp arrow, with a kṣurapra (type of arrow))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣurapra

kṣurapra - a razor-sharp arrow, a certain kind of arrow

kṣura (razor) + apra (front/head)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣura+apra)

• kṣura – razor, knife
  noun (masculine)
• apra – point, front (often used in compound for arrow-head types)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Means by which the action is performed

प्रमथ्य (pramathya) - having struck (and cut off) (having crushed, having struck, having destroyed)

(indeclinable participle)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb

आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Also an adjective 'quick'

Note: Adverb modifying pramathya

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - caused to fall (caused to fall, threw down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of pātaya

Periphrastic Perfect, Causative

Root pat (to fall), causative pātaya, periphrastic perfect with āmāsa

Root: pat (class 1)

भूतले (bhūtale) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth's surface)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhūtala

bhūtala - ground, earth's surface

bhū (earth) + tala (surface)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+tala)

• bhū – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, plain, palm, sole
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location where it fell