महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-25, verse-15

दुष्प्रधर्षं ततश्चैव सुजातं च सुतौ तव ।
एकैकं न्यवधीत्संख्ये द्वाभ्यां द्वाभ्यां चमूमुखे ।
तौ शिलीमुखविद्धाङ्गौ पेततू रथसत्तमौ ॥१५॥

15. duṣpradharṣaṁ tataścaiva sujātaṁ ca sutau tava ,
ekaikaṁ nyavadhītsaṁkhye dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāṁ camūmukhe ,
tau śilīmukhaviddhāṅgau petatū rathasattamau.

15. duṣpradharṣam tataḥ ca eva sujātam ca
sutau tava ekaikam nyavadhīt saṃkhye
dvābhyām dvābhyām camūmukhe tau
śīlīmukhaviddhāṅgau petatuḥ rathasattamau

15. tataḥ ca eva saṃkhye camūmukhe tava
ekaikam duṣpradharṣam sujātam ca sutau
dvābhyām dvābhyām nyavadhīt tau
śīlīmukhaviddhāṅgau rathasattamau petatuḥ

15. Then, in the very forefront of the battle, Bhima killed two of your sons, Duṣpradharṣa and Sujāta, striking each of them with two arrows. Pierced in their bodies by those arrows, the two best of chariot-warriors fell from their chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• दुष्प्रधर्षम् (duṣpradharṣam) - Duṣpradharṣa, one of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (hard to attack, hard to overcome, Duṣpradharṣa (proper name))

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then (then, from there, thereupon)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, both)

• एव (eva) - indeed, exactly (indeed, just, exactly, very)

• सुजातम् (sujātam) - Sujāta, one of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (well-born, beautiful, Sujāta (proper name))

• च (ca) - and (and, also, both)

• सुतौ (sutau) - two sons (two sons, two offspring)

• तव (tava) - your (of yours, your)

• एकैकम् (ekaikam) - each one (each one individually, one by one)

• न्यवधीत् (nyavadhīt) - killed (killed, struck down, slew)

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in war, in combat)

• द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - with two (by/with two)

• द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - with two (by/with two)

• चमूमुखे (camūmukhe) - in the forefront of the battle (in the vanguard of the army, at the forefront of battle)

• तौ (tau) - those two

• शीलीमुखविद्धाङ्गौ (śīlīmukhaviddhāṅgau) - whose bodies were pierced by arrows (having their bodies pierced by arrows)

• पेततुः (petatuḥ) - they fell (they two fell)

• रथसत्तमौ (rathasattamau) - the two best chariot-warriors

Words meanings and morphology

दुष्प्रधर्षम् (duṣpradharṣam) - Duṣpradharṣa, one of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (hard to attack, hard to overcome, Duṣpradharṣa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duṣpradharṣa

duṣpradharṣa - hard to attack, unassailable, difficult to subdue

dus + pradharṣa (from pra-dhṛṣ)

Prefix: dus

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular acting as the object of nyavadhīt

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then (then, from there, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also, both)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, exactly (indeed, just, exactly, very)

(indeclinable)

सुजातम् (sujātam) - Sujāta, one of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (well-born, beautiful, Sujāta (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sujāta

sujāta - well-born, beautiful, noble

Past Passive Participle

su + jāta (from jan)

Prefix: su

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Accusative singular acting as the object of nyavadhīt

च (ca) - and (and, also, both)

(indeclinable)

सुतौ (sutau) - two sons (two sons, two offspring)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of suta

suta - son, offspring, pressed out

Note: Refers to the two sons mentioned (Duṣpradharṣa and Sujāta)

तव (tava) - your (of yours, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Refers to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra

एकैकम् (ekaikam) - each one (each one individually, one by one)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ekaika

ekaika - each one, one by one

eka + eka

Compound type : dvandva (eka+eka)

• eka – one
  adjective (masculine)
• eka – one
  adjective (masculine)

न्यवधीत् (nyavadhīt) - killed (killed, struck down, slew)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of vadh

augment + root vadh in aorist

Prefix: ni

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: With prefix ni-

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in war, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃkhyā

saṁkhyā - battle, war, numbering

sam + khyā

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - with two (by/with two)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of dvi

dvi - two

Note: Refers to the two arrows used for each

द्वाभ्याम् (dvābhyām) - with two (by/with two)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of dvi

dvi - two

Note: Repetition emphasizing distribution (two each)

चमूमुखे (camūmukhe) - in the forefront of the battle (in the vanguard of the army, at the forefront of battle)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of camūmukha

camūmukha - vanguard of an army, forefront of battle

camū + mukha

Compound type : tatpurusha (camū+mukha)

• camū – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – mouth, face, front
  noun (neuter)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the two slain sons

शीलीमुखविद्धाङ्गौ (śīlīmukhaviddhāṅgau) - whose bodies were pierced by arrows (having their bodies pierced by arrows)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śīlīmukhaviddhāṅga

śīlīmukhaviddhāṅga - having limbs/body pierced by arrows

śīlīmukha + viddha + aṅga

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śīlīmukha+viddhāṅga)

• śīlīmukha – arrow, bee
  noun (masculine)
• viddhāṅga – whose limbs are pierced
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  viddha + aṅga
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

पेततुः (petatuḥ) - they fell (they two fell)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

root pat in perfect tense

Root: pat (class 1)

रथसत्तमौ (rathasattamau) - the two best chariot-warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rathasattama

rathasattama - best among chariot-warriors

ratha + sattama

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+sattama)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

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