महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-52, verse-7
द्रोणदुर्योधनकृपाः कर्णमद्रेशबाह्लिकाः ।
दुःशासनादयः शक्तास्त्रातुमप्यन्तकार्दितम् ॥७॥
दुःशासनादयः शक्तास्त्रातुमप्यन्तकार्दितम् ॥७॥
7. droṇaduryodhanakṛpāḥ karṇamadreśabāhlikāḥ ,
duḥśāsanādayaḥ śaktāstrātumapyantakārditam.
duḥśāsanādayaḥ śaktāstrātumapyantakārditam.
7.
droṇa duryodhana kṛpāḥ karṇa madreśa bāhlikāḥ
duḥśāsanādayaḥ śaktāḥ trātum api antakārditam
duḥśāsanādayaḥ śaktāḥ trātum api antakārditam
7.
droṇa duryodhana kṛpāḥ karṇa madreśa bāhlikāḥ
duḥśāsanādayaḥ api antakārditam trātum śaktāḥ
duḥśāsanādayaḥ api antakārditam trātum śaktāḥ
7.
Drona, Duryodhana, Kripa, Karna, the king of Madra, Bahlika, Dushasana and others are capable of protecting even one afflicted by the god of death (Antaka).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- द्रोण (droṇa) - Drona (the Kaurava general and guru) (Drona (name of a preceptor))
- दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana (the eldest Kaurava prince) (Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava))
- कृपाः (kṛpāḥ) - Kripa (the royal preceptor and warrior) (Kripa (name of a warrior))
- कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna (the great warrior and friend of Duryodhana) (Karna (name of a warrior))
- मद्रेश (madreśa) - the king of Madra (Shalya, Karna's charioteer) (king of Madra (Shalya))
- बाह्लिकाः (bāhlikāḥ) - Bahlika (an elder Kaurava warrior) (Bahlika (name of a warrior))
- दुःशासनादयः (duḥśāsanādayaḥ) - Dushasana and others (referring to other Kaurava brothers and warriors) (Dushasana and others)
- शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - capable (of protecting) (capable, powerful, strong)
- त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect (to protect, to save, to guard)
- अपि (api) - even (emphasizes the extent of their capability) (also, even, moreover, too)
- अन्तकार्दितम् (antakārditam) - one afflicted by the god of death (Antaka) (one afflicted by Yama (Antaka, the god of death))
Words meanings and morphology
द्रोण (droṇa) - Drona (the Kaurava general and guru) (Drona (name of a preceptor))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa
droṇa - Drona (name of the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas), a measure of capacity, a trough
Note: Forms the first part of a series of names, often treated as a compound 'Droṇaduryodhanakṛpāḥ' in the original text, but broken for the 'no_sandhi' list.
दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana (the eldest Kaurava prince) (Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana
duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra), difficult to fight
Prefix: dur
Root: yudh (class 4)
कृपाः (kṛpāḥ) - Kripa (the royal preceptor and warrior) (Kripa (name of a warrior))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛpa
kṛpa - Kripa (name of a warrior, son of Śaradvat)
कर्ण (karṇa) - Karna (the great warrior and friend of Duryodhana) (Karna (name of a warrior))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa
karṇa - Karna (name of a great warrior), ear
Note: Forms the first part of a second series of names.
मद्रेश (madreśa) - the king of Madra (Shalya, Karna's charioteer) (king of Madra (Shalya))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of madreśa
madreśa - king of Madra
compound word
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (madra+īśa)
- madra – name of a country or its people
proper noun (masculine) - īśa – lord, master, ruler, king
noun (masculine)
Root: īś (class 2)
बाह्लिकाः (bāhlikāḥ) - Bahlika (an elder Kaurava warrior) (Bahlika (name of a warrior))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bāhlika
bāhlika - Bahlika (name of an ancient king and warrior, Dhritarashtra's uncle)
दुःशासनादयः (duḥśāsanādayaḥ) - Dushasana and others (referring to other Kaurava brothers and warriors) (Dushasana and others)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of duḥśāsanādi
duḥśāsanādi - Dushasana and so forth, Dushasana and his associates
compound with 'ādi' (etcetera)
Compound type : dvandva (duḥśāsana+ādi)
- duḥśāsana – Dushasana (name of a Kaurava prince), difficult to rule
proper noun (masculine)
Prefix: dus
Root: śās (class 2) - ādi – beginning, start, and so on, etcetera
noun (masculine)
शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - capable (of protecting) (capable, powerful, strong)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta
śakta - capable, strong, able, powerful
Past Passive Participle
derived from root śak (to be able)
Root: śak (class 5)
Note: Acts as the predicate adjective for the list of warriors.
त्रातुम् (trātum) - to protect (to protect, to save, to guard)
(indeclinable)
infinitive
infinitive form of the root trā
Root: trā (class 2)
Note: Governs 'antakārditam' in the accusative.
अपि (api) - even (emphasizes the extent of their capability) (also, even, moreover, too)
(indeclinable)
अन्तकार्दितम् (antakārditam) - one afflicted by the god of death (Antaka) (one afflicted by Yama (Antaka, the god of death))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of antakārdita
antakārdita - afflicted by Antaka (Yama), tormented by death
compound word
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (antaka+ardita)
- antaka – the ender, destroyer, Yama (god of death)
proper noun (masculine)
from root ant (to end)
Root: ant (class 1) - ardita – afflicted, tormented, oppressed, distressed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
derived from root ard (to pain, afflict)
Root: ard (class 1)
Note: The neuter ending '-am' here suggests it functions as 'that which is afflicted by Antaka', but semantically it's a person. It is accusative singular, agreeing with the object of protection.