महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-44, verse-9

अथ रुक्मरथो नाम मद्रेश्वरसुतो बली ।
त्रस्तामाश्वासयन्सेनामत्रस्तो वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥९॥

9. atha rukmaratho nāma madreśvarasuto balī ,
trastāmāśvāsayansenāmatrasto vākyamabravīt.

9. atha rukmarathaḥ nāma madreśvarasutaḥ balī
trastām āśvāsayān senām atrastaḥ vākyam abravīt

9. atha nāma rukmarathaḥ madreśvarasutaḥ balī
atrastaḥ trastām senām āśvāsayān vākyam abravīt

9. Then, Rukmaratha by name, the powerful son of the lord of Madras, being fearless, comforted the terrified army and spoke these words.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, moreover

• रुक्मरथः (rukmarathaḥ) - Rukmaratha (proper noun)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named, namely

• मद्रेश्वरसुतः (madreśvarasutaḥ) - son of the lord of Madras

• बली (balī) - powerful, strong, mighty

• त्रस्ताम् (trastām) - terrified, frightened, alarmed

• आश्वासयान् (āśvāsayān) - comforting, reassuring

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• अत्रस्तः (atrastaḥ) - fearless, undaunted, not frightened

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, words, statement

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

रुक्मरथः (rukmarathaḥ) - Rukmaratha (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rukmaratha

rukmaratha - Rukmaratha (name of a person, lit. 'golden chariot')

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rukma+ratha)

• rukma – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

नाम (nāma) - by name, named, namely

(indeclinable)

मद्रेश्वरसुतः (madreśvarasutaḥ) - son of the lord of Madras

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madreśvarasuta

madreśvarasuta - son of the king of Madra

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (madreśvara+suta)

• madreśvara – lord of Madra, king of Madra
  noun (masculine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle (from √sū 'to give birth')
  Root: sū (class 2)

बली (balī) - powerful, strong, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty, endowed with strength

Derived from 'bala' (strength) with the possessive suffix '-in'.

Note: Modifies 'Rukmaratha'.

त्रस्ताम् (trastām) - terrified, frightened, alarmed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of trasta

trasta - terrified, frightened, alarmed, trembling

Past Passive Participle

From √tras (to tremble, be afraid).

Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'senām'.

आश्वासयान् (āśvāsayān) - comforting, reassuring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśvāsayat

āśvāsayat - comforting, reassuring, encouraging

Present Active Participle (Causative)

From ā-√śvas (to breathe, sigh) in its causative form, meaning 'to cause to breathe freely', i.e., to comfort. The participle takes the -at suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'Rukmaratha'.

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, weapon

Note: Object of 'āśvāsayān'.

अत्रस्तः (atrastaḥ) - fearless, undaunted, not frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atrasta

atrasta - fearless, not frightened

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'trasta'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+trasta)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• trasta – terrified, frightened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √tras (to tremble, be afraid).
  Root: tras (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'Rukmaratha'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, words, statement

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, words, statement, sentence

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect, Active Voice

Root: brū (class 2)