महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-44, verse-27

चूतारामो यथा भग्नः पञ्चवर्षफलोपगः ।
राजपुत्रशतं तद्वत्सौभद्रेणापतद्धतम् ॥२७॥

27. cūtārāmo yathā bhagnaḥ pañcavarṣaphalopagaḥ ,
rājaputraśataṁ tadvatsaubhadreṇāpataddhatam.

27. cūtārāmaḥ yathā bhagnaḥ pañcavarṣaphalopagaḥ
rājaputraśataṃ tadvat saubhadreṇa apatat hatam

27. yathā pañcavarṣaphalopagaḥ bhagnaḥ cūtārāmaḥ (bhavati),
tadvat saubhadreṇa hatam rājaputraśatam apatat

27. Just as a mango grove, which has been yielding fruit for five years, is destroyed, so too did a hundred princes fall, slain by Saubhadra (Abhimanyu).

Words meanings summery:

• चूतारामः (cūtārāmaḥ) - mango grove

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• भग्नः (bhagnaḥ) - broken, destroyed

• पञ्चवर्षफलोपगः (pañcavarṣaphalopagaḥ) - yielding fruit for five years, producing fruit for five years

• राजपुत्रशतं (rājaputraśataṁ) - a hundred princes

• तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly, in the same way

• सौभद्रेण (saubhadreṇa) - by Abhimanyu (by Saubhadra, by the son of Subhadra)

• अपतत् (apatat) - fell, dropped down

• हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

चूतारामः (cūtārāmaḥ) - mango grove

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cūtārāma

cūtārāma - mango grove

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (cūta+ārāma)

• cūta – mango tree, mango fruit
  noun (masculine)
• ārāma – garden, grove, pleasure ground
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of comparison.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of comparison.

भग्नः (bhagnaḥ) - broken, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagna

bhagna - broken, shattered, destroyed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From root `bhañj` (to break) + `kta` suffix

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'cūtārāmaḥ'.

पञ्चवर्षफलोपगः (pañcavarṣaphalopagaḥ) - yielding fruit for five years, producing fruit for five years

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pañcavarṣaphalopaga

pañcavarṣaphalopaga - yielding fruit for five years

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi / Tatpuruṣa (pañca+varṣa+phala+upaga)

• pañca – five
  numeral
• varṣa – year, rain
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)
• upaga – going to, approaching, obtaining, yielding
  adjective (masculine)
  From `upa` (prefix) + root `gam` (to go) + `ḍa` (suffix)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'cūtārāmaḥ'.

राजपुत्रशतं (rājaputraśataṁ) - a hundred princes

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājaputraśata

rājaputraśata - a hundred princes

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (rājan+putra+śata)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

Note: Also accusative singular. Context implies nominative, as the subject of 'apatat hatam'.

तद्वत् (tadvat) - similarly, in the same way

(indeclinable)

From `tad` (that) + `vat` (like) suffix

Note: Adverb of comparison.

सौभद्रेण (saubhadreṇa) - by Abhimanyu (by Saubhadra, by the son of Subhadra)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu)

`subhadrā` (name of Krishna's sister and Arjuna's wife) + `aṇ` (suffix for 'descendant of')

Note: Agent of 'hatam' (slain).

अपतत् (apatat) - fell, dropped down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect tense

From root `pat` (class 1). The `a` is the augment for the imperfect tense.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'rājaputraśataṃ'.

हतम् (hatam) - slain, killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hata

hata - struck, killed, destroyed, harmed

Past Passive Participle

From root `han` (to strike, kill) + `kta` suffix

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'rājaputraśataṃ'.