महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-44, verse-15

संग्रामदुर्मदा राजन्राजपुत्राः प्रहारिणः ।
वयस्याः शल्यपुत्रस्य सुवर्णविकृतध्वजाः ॥१५॥

15. saṁgrāmadurmadā rājanrājaputrāḥ prahāriṇaḥ ,
vayasyāḥ śalyaputrasya suvarṇavikṛtadhvajāḥ.

15. saṃgrāmadurmadāḥ rājan rājaputrāḥ prahāriṇaḥ
vayasyāḥ śalyaputrasya suvarṇavikṛtadhvajāḥ

15. rājan saṃgrāmadurmadāḥ prahāriṇaḥ śalyaputrasya
vayasyāḥ suvarṇavikṛtadhvajāḥ rājaputrāḥ

15. O King, the princes, fierce in battle, striking warriors, companions of Śalya’s son, whose banners were adorned with gold.

Words meanings summery:

• संग्रामदुर्मदाः (saṁgrāmadurmadāḥ) - fierce in battle, intoxicated with battle

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

• राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes, sons of kings

• प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - (skilled) warriors (striking, assailants, warriors)

• वयस्याः (vayasyāḥ) - friends, companions

• शल्यपुत्रस्य (śalyaputrasya) - of Rukmaratha, the son of Śalya (of Śalya's son)

• सुवर्णविकृतध्वजाः (suvarṇavikṛtadhvajāḥ) - having banners adorned/decorated with gold

Words meanings and morphology

संग्रामदुर्मदाः (saṁgrāmadurmadāḥ) - fierce in battle, intoxicated with battle

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃgrāmadurmadā

saṁgrāmadurmadā - fierce in battle, excessively proud/intoxicated in battle

Compound from saṃgrāma (battle) and durmada (greatly intoxicated/proud/fierce)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃgrāma+durmada)

• saṃgrāma – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
• durmada – excessive pride, fierce, arrogant
  adjective (masculine)
  From prefix dur (bad, difficult) and mad (intoxication, pride)
  Prefix: dur
  Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with rājaputrāḥ.

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

राजपुत्राः (rājaputrāḥ) - princes, sons of kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājaputra

rājaputra - son of a king, prince

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied sentence.

प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - (skilled) warriors (striking, assailants, warriors)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahārin

prahārin - striking, assailant, warrior

Agent noun

From pra- √hṛ (to strike, hit)

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājaputrāḥ.

वयस्याः (vayasyāḥ) - friends, companions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vayasya

vayasya - friend, companion (of the same age)

From vayas (age)

Note: Agrees with rājaputrāḥ.

शल्यपुत्रस्य (śalyaputrasya) - of Rukmaratha, the son of Śalya (of Śalya's son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śalyaputra

śalyaputra - son of Śalya

Compound of Śalya (proper noun) and putra (son)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śalya+putra)

• śalya – Śalya (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive, modifies vayasyāḥ.

सुवर्णविकृतध्वजाः (suvarṇavikṛtadhvajāḥ) - having banners adorned/decorated with gold

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suvarṇavikṛtadhvaja

suvarṇavikṛtadhvaja - having gold-decorated banners

Bahuvrihi compound: 'those whose banners are decorated with gold'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (suvarṇa+vikṛta+dhvaja)

• suvarṇa – gold, beautiful color
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: su
• vikṛta – transformed, adorned, distinguished, changed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi- √kṛ (to change, alter, adorn)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with rājaputrāḥ.