महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-44, verse-23

एकः स शतधा राजन्दृश्यते स्म सहस्रधा ।
अलातचक्रवत्संख्ये क्षिप्रमस्त्राणि दर्शयन् ॥२३॥

23. ekaḥ sa śatadhā rājandṛśyate sma sahasradhā ,
alātacakravatsaṁkhye kṣipramastrāṇi darśayan.

23. ekaḥ sa śatadhā rājan dṛśyate sma sahasradhā
alātacakravat saṃkhye kṣipram astrāṇi darśayan

23. rājan saḥ ekaḥ śatadhā sahasradhā dṛśyate sma
saṃkhye kṣipram alātacakravat astrāṇi darśayan

23. O King, though he was one, he appeared in a hundred ways and a thousand ways, swiftly displaying his weapons in battle like a firebrand circle.

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - (he was) one (person) (one, single, alone)

• स (sa) - he (Arjuna, implied) (he, that)

• शतधा (śatadhā) - appearing as if in a hundred forms (in a hundred ways, a hundredfold)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied speaker is Sañjaya) (O King)

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - he appeared (to be) (is seen, appears)

• स्म (sma) - (makes 'dṛśyate' refer to past action) ((particle indicating past tense))

• सहस्रधा (sahasradhā) - appearing as if in a thousand forms (in a thousand ways, a thousandfold)

• अलातचक्रवत् (alātacakravat) - moving so swiftly that he resembled a circle of fire (like a firebrand circle, like a wheel of fire)

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in the battle (in battle, in enumeration, in calculation)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - swiftly (swiftly, quickly)

• अस्त्रस्राणि (astrasrāṇi) - his various weapons (weapons, missiles)

• दर्शयन् (darśayan) - actively displaying (displaying, showing)

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - (he was) one (person) (one, single, alone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique, alone

Note: Qualifies 'sa' (he).

स (sa) - he (Arjuna, implied) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शतधा (śatadhā) - appearing as if in a hundred forms (in a hundred ways, a hundredfold)

(indeclinable)

derived from 'śata' (hundred) with suffix 'dhā'

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied speaker is Sañjaya) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - he appeared (to be) (is seen, appears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

passive voice

Present (Laṭ), 3rd person singular, passive voice, from root 'dṛś'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

स्म (sma) - (makes 'dṛśyate' refer to past action) ((particle indicating past tense))

(indeclinable)

सहस्रधा (sahasradhā) - appearing as if in a thousand forms (in a thousand ways, a thousandfold)

(indeclinable)

derived from 'sahasra' (thousand) with suffix 'dhā'

अलातचक्रवत् (alātacakravat) - moving so swiftly that he resembled a circle of fire (like a firebrand circle, like a wheel of fire)

(indeclinable)

derived from 'alātacakra' with suffix 'vat' (like)

Compound type : tatpurusha (alāta+cakra)

• alāta – a half-burnt or glowing firebrand
  noun (neuter)
• cakra – wheel, circle
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ

Note: Comparative suffix 'vat'.

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in the battle (in battle, in enumeration, in calculation)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of saṃkhyā

saṁkhyā - number, enumeration, calculation, battle

Prefix: sam

Root: khyā (class 2)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - swiftly (swiftly, quickly)

(indeclinable)

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Accusative singular neuter of an adjective, used adverbially.

अस्त्रस्राणि (astrasrāṇi) - his various weapons (weapons, missiles)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of astra

astra - missile, weapon, arrow

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Object of 'darśayan'.

दर्शयन् (darśayan) - actively displaying (displaying, showing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of darśayat

darśayat - displaying, showing

Present Active Participle (causal)

derived from causal stem 'darśay-' of root 'dṛś', present active participle

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Causal participle, 'causing to see' or 'displaying'.