महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-44, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
आददानस्तु शूराणामायूंष्यभवदार्जुनिः ।
अन्तकः सर्वभूतानां प्राणान्काल इवागते ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
ādadānastu śūrāṇāmāyūṁṣyabhavadārjuniḥ ,
antakaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ prāṇānkāla ivāgate.

1. sañjaya uvāca ādadānaḥ tu śūrāṇām āyūṃṣi abhavat
ārjuniḥ antakaḥ sarvabhūtānām prāṇān kālaḥ iva āgate

1. sañjaya uvāca tu ārjuniḥ śūrāṇām āyūṃṣi ādadānaḥ,
āgate kālaḥ iva sarvabhūtānām prāṇān abhavat

1. Sañjaya said: But the son of Arjuna (Ārjuni) was seizing the life forces (prāṇa) of heroes, just as Time (kāla) seizes the vital breaths (prāṇa) of all beings when it arrives.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आददानः (ādadānaḥ) - taking away, seizing

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave ones

• आयूंषि (āyūṁṣi) - lives, life spans

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• आर्जुनिः (ārjuniḥ) - Abhimanyu, as the son of Arjuna (the son of Arjuna (Ārjuni))

• अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - Death personified (the ender, destroyer (Death))

• सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings, of all creatures

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life-breaths, vital airs, lives (prāṇa)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (kāla), Death

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आगते (āgate) - when arrived, upon arrival

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Voice

3rd person singular perfect form of √vac (class 2).

Root: vac (class 2)

आददानः (ādadānaḥ) - taking away, seizing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādadāna

ādadāna - taking, seizing, receiving, accepting

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root √dā (class 3, 'to give/take') with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'ārjuniḥ'

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

शूराणाम् (śūrāṇām) - of heroes, of brave ones

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave, valiant

आयूंषि (āyūṁṣi) - lives, life spans

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of āyus

āyus - life, vital power, duration of life

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active Voice

3rd person singular imperfect form of √bhū (class 1).

Root: bhū (class 1)

आर्जुनिः (ārjuniḥ) - Abhimanyu, as the son of Arjuna (the son of Arjuna (Ārjuni))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārjuni

ārjuni - descendant of Arjuna, son of Arjuna

Patronymic derivation from Arjuna.

अन्तकः (antakaḥ) - Death personified (the ender, destroyer (Death))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of antaka

antaka - making an end, destructive; the ender, destroyer (epithet of Yama or Death)

Root: ant

Note: Used as a simile for Ārjuni.

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings, of all creatures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √bhū 'to be, become'
  Root: bhū (class 1)

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life-breaths, vital airs, lives (prāṇa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life, life-force (prāṇa)

कालः (kālaḥ) - Time (kāla), Death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, death, fate (kāla)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आगते (āgate) - when arrived, upon arrival

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √gam (class 1, 'to go') with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction, implying 'when (Time) has arrived'.