महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-44, verse-21

स गाढविद्धः क्रुद्धश्च तोत्त्रैर्गज इवार्दितः ।
गान्धर्वमस्त्रमायच्छद्रथमायां च योजयत् ॥२१॥

21. sa gāḍhaviddhaḥ kruddhaśca tottrairgaja ivārditaḥ ,
gāndharvamastramāyacchadrathamāyāṁ ca yojayat.

21. saḥ gāḍhaviddhaḥ kruddhaḥ ca tottraiḥ gajaḥ iva ārtitaḥ
gāndharvam astram āyacchat rathamāyām ca yojayat

21. saḥ gāḍhaviddhaḥ kruddhaḥ ca,
tottraiḥ ārtitaḥ gajaḥ iva,
gāndharvam astram āyacchat ca rathamāyām yojayat

21. And he (Abhimanyu), deeply pierced and enraged, tormented like an elephant (gaja) by goads (tottraiḥ), then seized the Gandharva missile (astra) and unleashed the chariot-illusion (māyā).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Abhimanyu) (he, that)

• गाढविद्धः (gāḍhaviddhaḥ) - deeply pierced (deeply pierced, severely wounded)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तोत्त्रैः (tottraiḥ) - by goads (by goads, by piercing instruments)

• गजः (gajaḥ) - elephant (gaja) (elephant)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• आर्तितः (ārtitaḥ) - tormented (tormented, distressed, oppressed)

• गान्धर्वम् (gāndharvam) - Gandharva (missile) (relating to Gandharvas, Gandharva (a type of missile/magic))

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - missile (astra) (weapon, missile)

• आयच्छत् (āyacchat) - he grasped, he seized (he grasped, he extended, he drew (a bow))

• रथमायाम् (rathamāyām) - the chariot-illusion (māyā) (chariot-illusion, chariot-magic)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• योजयत् (yojayat) - he employed, he unleashed (he employed, he yoked, he harnessed, he directed)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Abhimanyu) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of `āyacchat` and `yojayat`.

गाढविद्धः (gāḍhaviddhaḥ) - deeply pierced (deeply pierced, severely wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāḍhaviddha

gāḍhaviddha - deeply pierced, severely wounded

Compound noun `gāḍha` (deeply) + `viddha` (pierced).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (gāḍha+viddha)

• gāḍha – deep, profound, firm; deeply, intensely
  adjective (neuter)
• viddha – pierced, struck, wounded
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `vyadh` (to pierce) with suffix `kta`.
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry, furious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

From root `krudh` (to be angry) with suffix `kta`.

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects `gāḍhaviddhaḥ` and `kruddhaḥ`.

तोत्त्रैः (tottraiḥ) - by goads (by goads, by piercing instruments)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of tottra

tottra - goad, prod, instrument for piercing

From root `tud` (to prick, strike).

Root: tud (class 6)

गजः (gajaḥ) - elephant (gaja) (elephant)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

From root `gaj` (to roar).

Root: gaj (class 1)

Note: Subject in the simile.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

आर्तितः (ārtitaḥ) - tormented (tormented, distressed, oppressed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārtita

ārtita - tormented, distressed, afflicted, pained

Past Passive Participle

From root `ṛ` (to go, to move) with prefix `ā` and suffix `kta` or from `ṛt` (to pain).

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu and the elephant in the simile.

गान्धर्वम् (gāndharvam) - Gandharva (missile) (relating to Gandharvas, Gandharva (a type of missile/magic))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gāndharva

gāndharva - relating to Gandharvas (celestial musicians and warriors), Gandharva (a type of mystic weapon or art)

Derived from `gandharva` with suffix `aṇ`.

अस्त्रम् (astram) - missile (astra) (weapon, missile)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, projectile, divine weapon

From root `as` (to throw, cast) with suffix `ṣṭran`.

Root: as (class 4)

आयच्छत् (āyacchat) - he grasped, he seized (he grasped, he extended, he drew (a bow))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yam

Imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Augment `a` + prefix `ā` + root `yam` + suffix for 3rd person singular imperfect.

Prefix: ā

Root: yam (class 1)

रथमायाम् (rathamāyām) - the chariot-illusion (māyā) (chariot-illusion, chariot-magic)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rathamāyā

rathamāyā - chariot-magic, illusion relating to a chariot

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+māyā)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• māyā – illusion, magic, cosmic illusion, supernatural power
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of `yojayat`.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects the two actions of `āyacchat` and `yojayat`.

योजयत् (yojayat) - he employed, he unleashed (he employed, he yoked, he harnessed, he directed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yuj

Imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular (causative)

Augment `a` + causative stem `yojaya` + suffix for 3rd person singular imperfect.

Root: yuj (class 7)