महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-44, verse-7

ये केचन गतास्तस्य समीपमपलायिनः ।
न ते प्रतिन्यवर्तन्त समुद्रादिव सिन्धवः ॥७॥

7. ye kecana gatāstasya samīpamapalāyinaḥ ,
na te pratinyavartanta samudrādiva sindhavaḥ.

7. ye kecana gatāḥ tasya samīpam apalāyinaḥ na
te pratinyavartanta samudrāt iva sindhavaḥ

7. ye kecana apalāyinaḥ tasya samīpam gatāḥ te
samudrāt sindhavaḥ iva na pratinyavartanta

7. Whoever approached his vicinity, refusing to flee, did not return, just as rivers (do not return) from the ocean.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, those who

• केचन (kecana) - some, whoever, any

• गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, reached, approached

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

• समीपम् (samīpam) - vicinity, proximity, near

• अपलायिनः (apalāyinaḥ) - not fleeing, not running away, resolute

• न (na) - not, no

• ते (te) - they, those

• प्रतिन्यवर्तन्त (pratinyavartanta) - did not return, turned back

• समुद्रात् (samudrāt) - from the ocean, from the sea

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सिन्धवः (sindhavaḥ) - rivers, streams

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ya

ya - who, which, what, whichever

केचन (kecana) - some, whoever, any

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kimcana

kimcana - someone, something, any, whoever

From kim (interrogative pronoun) + cana (particle for indefiniteness).

गताः (gatāḥ) - gone, reached, approached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, reached, obtained, past

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ye kecana'.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhishma, whose destructive force is being compared to the 'timi'.

समीपम् (samīpam) - vicinity, proximity, near

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samīpa

samīpa - near, proximity, vicinity

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'near'.

अपलायिनः (apalāyinaḥ) - not fleeing, not running away, resolute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apalāyin

apalāyin - not fleeing, not running away, firm, resolute

Agent Noun/Adjective from a-palāyin

Derived from a-√palāy (to flee, run away) with the agent suffix -in. 'a' denotes negation.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+palāyin)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• palāyin – fleeing, running away, escaping
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective
  From √palāy (to flee).
  Prefix: palā
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'ye kecana'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Corresponds to 'ye kecana'.

प्रतिन्यवर्तन्त (pratinyavartanta) - did not return, turned back

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of pratinivṛt

Imperfect, Middle Voice

From √vṛt (to turn, be) with prefixes prati-ni. Implies returning.

Prefixes: prati+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

समुद्रात् (samudrāt) - from the ocean, from the sea

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

सिन्धवः (sindhavaḥ) - rivers, streams

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sindhu

sindhu - river, stream, Indus river