महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-44, verse-18

छाद्यमानं शरव्रातैर्हृष्टो दुर्योधनोऽभवत् ।
वैवस्वतस्य भवनं गतमेनममन्यत ॥१८॥

18. chādyamānaṁ śaravrātairhṛṣṭo duryodhano'bhavat ,
vaivasvatasya bhavanaṁ gatamenamamanyata.

18. chādyamānam śaravrātaiḥ hṛṣṭaḥ duryodhanaḥ
abhavat vaivasvatasya bhavanam gatam enam amanyata

18. duryodhanaḥ hṛṣṭaḥ abhavat śaravrātaiḥ chādyamānam
enam vaivasvatasya bhavanam gatam amanyata

18. Duryodhana became delighted as he (Abhimanyu) was being covered by multitudes of arrows. He thought him to have gone to the abode of Vaivasvata (Yama).

Words meanings summery:

• छाद्यमानम् (chādyamānam) - being covered (by arrows) (being covered, being hidden, being concealed)

• शरव्रातैः (śaravrātaiḥ) - by multitudes of arrows (by multitudes of arrows, by showers of arrows)

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted (happy, delighted, rejoiced)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (a proper noun))

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, happened, existed)

• वैवस्वतस्य (vaivasvatasya) - of Vaivasvata (Yama) (of Vaivasvata, of Yama)

• भवनम् (bhavanam) - abode (abode, house, dwelling, existence)

• गतम् (gatam) - gone (to) (gone, departed, reached)

• एनम् (enam) - him (Abhimanyu) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

• अमन्यत (amanyata) - thought, considered (thought, considered, believed)

Words meanings and morphology

छाद्यमानम् (chādyamānam) - being covered (by arrows) (being covered, being hidden, being concealed)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of chādyamāna

chādyamāna - being covered, being hidden, being concealed

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root `chad` (to cover) in passive voice, present tense, with suffix `śānac`.

Root: chad (class 1)

Note: Refers to Abhimanyu, who is the object of the covering action.

शरव्रातैः (śaravrātaiḥ) - by multitudes of arrows (by multitudes of arrows, by showers of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaravrāta

śaravrāta - multitude of arrows, shower of arrows

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+vrāta)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vrāta – multitude, collection, flock, heap
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the agent or means of covering.

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted (happy, delighted, rejoiced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - happy, delighted, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

From root `hṛṣ` (to be thrilled, to rejoice) with suffix `kta`.

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Duryodhana.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (a proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a specific character in the Mahabharata)

Note: The subject of the first clause.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became (became, happened, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect tense, active voice

Augment `a` + root `bhū` + suffix for 3rd person singular imperfect.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the first clause.

वैवस्वतस्य (vaivasvatasya) - of Vaivasvata (Yama) (of Vaivasvata, of Yama)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vaivasvata

vaivasvata - son of Vivasvat (the Sun-god), epithet of Yama, the god of death

Patronymic from Vivasvat.

Note: Possessive, referring to the abode.

भवनम् (bhavanam) - abode (abode, house, dwelling, existence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhavana

bhavana - abode, house, dwelling, generating, existing

From root `bhū` with suffix `lyuṭ`.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Object of `gatam`.

गतम् (gatam) - gone (to) (gone, departed, reached)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root `gam` (to go) with suffix `kta`.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for `enam`, indicating the state of having gone.

एनम् (enam) - him (Abhimanyu) (him, this (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him (often used as a demonstrative pronoun or anaphoric reference)

Note: Object of `amanyata`, and the noun that `chādyamānam` and `gatam` refer to.

अमन्यत (amanyata) - thought, considered (thought, considered, believed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of man

Imperfect tense, middle voice

Augment `a` + root `man` + suffix for 3rd person singular imperfect middle.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: The main verb of the second clause.