महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-12, verse-18

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तुमुलं लोमहर्षणम् ।
पाण्डवानां कुरूणां च द्रोणपाञ्चाल्ययोरपि ॥१८॥

18. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ tumulaṁ lomaharṣaṇam ,
pāṇḍavānāṁ kurūṇāṁ ca droṇapāñcālyayorapi.

18. tataḥ pravavr̥te yuddham tumulam lomaharṣaṇam
pāṇḍavānām kurūṇām ca droṇapāñcālyayoḥ api

18. tataḥ pāṇḍavānām kurūṇām ca droṇapāñcālyayoḥ
api tumulam lomaharṣaṇam yuddham pravavr̥te

18. Then began a tumultuous and horrifying battle, involving the Pāṇḍavas and the Kurus, and also between Droṇa and Pāñcālya.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• प्रवव्र्̥ते (pravavr̥te) - The battle began. (began, commenced, turned forward)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, combat

• तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce, noisy

• लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, horrifying, causing goosebumps

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - Referring to the Kuru warriors aligned with Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (of the Kurus)

• च (ca) - and, also

• द्रोणपाञ्चाल्ययोः (droṇapāñcālyayoḥ) - Refers to the specific combat involving Droṇa and Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (of Droṇa and Pāñcālya (Dhṛṣṭadyumna))

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

Formed from tad with tas suffix.

प्रवव्र्̥ते (pravavr̥te) - The battle began. (began, commenced, turned forward)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of pra-vr̥t

perfect middle voice 3rd person singular

From root vr̥t (to turn, exist) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: vr̥t (class 1)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, combat

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

तुमुलम् (tumulam) - tumultuous, fierce, noisy

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, fierce, confused

लोमहर्षणम् (lomaharṣaṇam) - hair-raising, horrifying, causing goosebumps

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lomaharṣaṇa

lomaharṣaṇa - hair-raising, causing horripilation

Compound of loman (hair) and harṣaṇa (causing excitement/bristling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loman+harṣaṇa)

• loman – hair, mane
  noun (neuter)
• harṣaṇa – causing thrill, exciting, bristling (hair)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root hr̥ṣ (to thrill, be excited).
  Root: hr̥ṣ (class 1)

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - Referring to the Kuru warriors aligned with Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (of the Kurus)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a Kuru, descendant of Kuru

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

द्रोणपाञ्चाल्ययोः (droṇapāñcālyayoḥ) - Refers to the specific combat involving Droṇa and Dhṛṣṭadyumna. (of Droṇa and Pāñcālya (Dhṛṣṭadyumna))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of droṇapāñcālya

droṇapāñcālya - Droṇa and Pāñcālya (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Dvandva compound of Droṇa and Pāñcālya.

Compound type : dvandva (droṇa+pāñcālya)

• droṇa – Droṇa (name of a preceptor)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāñcālya – Pāñcālya (name of Dhṛṣṭadyumna)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Derived from Pañcāla (name of a kingdom).

Note: Dual genitive indicates 'of both Droṇa and Pāñcālya'.

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)