महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-12, verse-1

संजय उवाच ।
ततस्ते सैनिकाः श्रुत्वा तं युधिष्ठिरनिग्रहम् ।
सिंहनादरवांश्चक्रुर्बाणशङ्खरवैः सह ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tataste sainikāḥ śrutvā taṁ yudhiṣṭhiranigraham ,
siṁhanādaravāṁścakrurbāṇaśaṅkharavaiḥ saha.

1. saṃjaya uvāca tataḥ te sainikāḥ śrutvā tam yudhiṣṭhiranigraham
siṃhanādaravān cakruḥ bāṇaśaṅkharavaiḥ saha

1. saṃjaya uvāca tataḥ te sainikāḥ tam yudhiṣṭhiranigraham
śrutvā bāṇaśaṅkharavaiḥ saha siṃhanādaravān cakruḥ

1. Sañjaya said: Then, upon hearing of Yudhiṣṭhira's capture, those soldiers let out roars like lions, accompanied by the sounds of arrows and conches.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore

• ते (te) - those

• सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - Kaurava soldiers (soldiers)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तम् (tam) - that

• युधिष्ठिरनिग्रहम् (yudhiṣṭhiranigraham) - the capture of Yudhiṣṭhira

• सिंहनादरवान् (siṁhanādaravān) - roars like lions

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

• बाणशङ्खरवैः (bāṇaśaṅkharavaiḥ) - with the sounds of arrows and conches

• सह (saha) - with, along with

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefore

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Adjective modifying 'sainikāḥ'.

सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - Kaurava soldiers (soldiers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sainika

sainika - soldier, belonging to an army

Derived from 'senā' (army).

Note: Subject of 'cakruḥ'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

Note: Object of 'śrutvā', referring to 'yudhiṣṭhiranigraham'.

युधिष्ठिरनिग्रहम् (yudhiṣṭhiranigraham) - the capture of Yudhiṣṭhira

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhiranigraha

yudhiṣṭhiranigraha - capture of Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yudhiṣṭhira+nigraha)

• yudhiṣṭhira – Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nigraha – capture, restraint, subduing
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'grah' (to seize) with prefix 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

सिंहनादरवान् (siṁhanādaravān) - roars like lions

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of siṃhanādarava

siṁhanādarava - roar of a lion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+nāda+rava)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – roar, sound
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'nad' (to sound).
  Root: nad (class 1)
• rava – sound, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ru' (to cry, roar).
  Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Direct object of 'cakruḥ'.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

बाणशङ्खरवैः (bāṇaśaṅkharavaiḥ) - with the sounds of arrows and conches

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇaśaṅkharava

bāṇaśaṅkharava - sound of arrows and conches

Compound type : dvandva (bāṇa+śaṅkha+rava)

• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• śaṅkha – conch
  noun (masculine)
• rava – sound, roar
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ru' (to cry, roar).
  Root: ru (class 2)

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)