महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-87, verse-25

अथैनमब्रवीत्क्रुद्धः क्रूरः संरक्तलोचनः ।
ये त्वया सुनृशंसेन दीर्घकालं प्रवासिताः ।
यच्च ते पाण्डवा राजंश्छलद्यूते पराजिताः ॥२५॥

25. athainamabravītkruddhaḥ krūraḥ saṁraktalocanaḥ ,
ye tvayā sunṛśaṁsena dīrghakālaṁ pravāsitāḥ ,
yacca te pāṇḍavā rājaṁśchaladyūte parājitāḥ.

25. atha enam abravīt kruddhaḥ krūraḥ
saṃraktalocanaḥ ye tvayā sunṛśaṃsena
dīrghakālam pravāsitāḥ yat ca te
pāṇḍavāḥ rājan chaladyūte parājitāḥ

25. atha kruddhaḥ krūraḥ saṃraktalocanaḥ enam abravīt.
rājan,
ye pāṇḍavāḥ sunṛśaṃsena tvayā dīrghakālam pravāsitāḥ,
ca yat te chaladyūte parājitāḥ.
.
.

25. Then, that cruel man, angry and with bloodshot eyes, spoke to him: "O king, those Pandavas who were exiled for a long time by you, the exceedingly cruel one, and who were defeated in the fraudulent dice game—"

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• एनम् (enam) - him (Duryodhana) (him, this one)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry (angry, enraged)

• क्रूरः (krūraḥ) - cruel (one) (cruel, fierce, severe)

• संरक्तलोचनः (saṁraktalocanaḥ) - having bloodshot eyes (having bloodshot eyes, one whose eyes are red)

• ये (ye) - who (referring to the Pandavas) (who, which)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Duryodhana) (by you)

• सुनृशंसेन (sunṛśaṁsena) - by the exceedingly cruel one (Duryodhana) (by the exceedingly cruel one)

• दीर्घकालम् (dīrghakālam) - for a long time (for a long time, during a long period)

• प्रवासिताः (pravāsitāḥ) - were exiled (exiled, caused to go abroad)

• यत् (yat) - the fact that (which, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ते (te) - those (Pandavas) (those, they)

• पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Duryodhana) (O king)

• छलद्यूते (chaladyūte) - in the fraudulent dice game (in the fraudulent dice game, by means of a deceitful dice game)

• पराजिताः (parājitāḥ) - were defeated (defeated, conquered)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (Duryodhana) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that

Note: Derived from pronominal stem 'eṇa'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect, Active, 3rd Singular

Imperfect (laṅ), root 'brū' (2nd class), 3rd person singular active.

Root: brū (class 2)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry (angry, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'krudh' (4th class, 'to be angry').

Root: krudh (class 4)

क्रूरः (krūraḥ) - cruel (one) (cruel, fierce, severe)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krūra

krūra - cruel, fierce, severe, harsh

Note: Often used as a substantive.

संरक्तलोचनः (saṁraktalocanaḥ) - having bloodshot eyes (having bloodshot eyes, one whose eyes are red)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃraktalocana

saṁraktalocana - one whose eyes are red, having bloodshot eyes

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃrakta+locana)

• saṃrakta – red, bloodshot, deeply attached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'rañj' (to color) with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• locana – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  agent noun
  Derived from root 'loc' (to see).
  Root: loc (class 10)

ये (ye) - who (referring to the Pandavas) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Duryodhana) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

सुनृशंसेन (sunṛśaṁsena) - by the exceedingly cruel one (Duryodhana) (by the exceedingly cruel one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sunṛśaṃsa

sunṛśaṁsa - exceedingly cruel, very malicious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+nṛśaṃsa)

• su – good, well, excellent, intensely
  indeclinable
• nṛśaṃsa – cruel, malicious, wicked
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tvayā'.

दीर्घकालम् (dīrghakālam) - for a long time (for a long time, during a long period)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīrghakāla

dīrghakāla - long time, long period

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dīrgha+kāla)

• dīrgha – long, tall
  adjective (masculine)
• kāla – time, period
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially here, indicating duration.

प्रवासिताः (pravāsitāḥ) - were exiled (exiled, caused to go abroad)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravāsita

pravāsita - exiled, sent away, caused to go abroad

Past Passive Participle (Causative)

Causative of 'pravas' (to go abroad), root 'vas' (to dwell) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ye pāṇḍavāḥ'.

यत् (yat) - the fact that (which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Used here as a relative conjunction meaning 'that' or 'the fact that'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those (Pandavas) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

पाण्डवाः (pāṇḍavāḥ) - the Pandavas (the sons of Pandu, the Pandavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

A patronymic derived from Pāṇḍu.

राजन् (rājan) - O king (addressing Duryodhana) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

छलद्यूते (chaladyūte) - in the fraudulent dice game (in the fraudulent dice game, by means of a deceitful dice game)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of chaladyūta

chaladyūta - fraudulent dice game, deceitful gambling

Compound type : karmadhāraya (chala+dyūta)

• chala – fraud, deceit, trick
  noun (masculine)
• dyūta – dice game, gambling
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (nominalized)
  Derived from root 'div' (to play).
  Root: div (class 4)

पराजिताः (parājitāḥ) - were defeated (defeated, conquered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parājita

parājita - defeated, conquered, overcome

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer) with prefix 'parā'.

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ye pāṇḍavāḥ' and 'te pāṇḍavāḥ'.