महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-87, verse-23

विस्फार्य च महच्चापमिन्द्राशनिसमस्वनम् ।
अभिदुद्राव वेगेन दुर्योधनमरिंदमम् ॥२३॥

23. visphārya ca mahaccāpamindrāśanisamasvanam ,
abhidudrāva vegena duryodhanamariṁdamam.

23. visphārya ca mahat cāpam indrāśanismasvanam
abhidudrāva vegena duryodhanam ariṃdamam

23. ca mahat indrāśanismasvanam cāpam visphārya,
vegena ariṃdamam duryodhanam abhidudrāva

23. And having fully drawn his great bow, sounding like Indra's thunderbolt, he swiftly rushed towards Duryodhana, the subduer of enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched, having drawn (a bow)

• च (ca) - and, also

• महत् (mahat) - great, mighty

• चापम् (cāpam) - bow

• इन्द्राशनिस्मस्वनम् (indrāśanismasvanam) - sounding like Indra's thunderbolt

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - he rushed towards, he attacked

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, rapidly

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (proper noun)

• अरिंदमम् (ariṁdamam) - epithet for Duryodhana (subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

विस्फार्य (visphārya) - having stretched, having drawn (a bow)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with prefix 'vi' and suffix -ya.

Prefix: vi

Root: sphā (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, mighty, important

From √mah (to be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'cāpam'.

चापम् (cāpam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cāpa

cāpa - bow

Note: Object of 'visphārya'. Although 'cāpa' is commonly masculine, it is treated as neuter here due to agreement with 'mahat'.

इन्द्राशनिस्मस्वनम् (indrāśanismasvanam) - sounding like Indra's thunderbolt

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of indrāśanismasvana

indrāśanismasvana - having the sound of Indra's thunderbolt

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (indra+aśani+sama+svana)

• indra – Indra (name of a Vedic deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
• aśani – thunderbolt
  noun (feminine)
• sama – like, equal, similar
  adjective
• svana – sound, noise
  noun (masculine)
  From √svan (to sound)
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'cāpam'.

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - he rushed towards, he attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of dru

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Reduplicated perfect form with prefix 'abhi'.

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, rapidly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse

From √vij (to move rapidly)

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Instrumental of manner.

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince, 'hard to fight/conquer')

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'abhidudrāva'.

अरिंदमम् (ariṁdamam) - epithet for Duryodhana (subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies

From 'ari' (enemy) and 'dam' (to subdue) with agentive suffix.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √dam
  Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'duryodhanam'.