महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-6, chapter-59, verse-9
तस्मिन्सुतुमुले घोरे काले परमदारुणे ।
भ्रातरश्चैव पुत्राश्च धृष्टद्युम्नश्च पार्षतः ॥९॥
भ्रातरश्चैव पुत्राश्च धृष्टद्युम्नश्च पार्षतः ॥९॥
9. tasminsutumule ghore kāle paramadāruṇe ,
bhrātaraścaiva putrāśca dhṛṣṭadyumnaśca pārṣataḥ.
bhrātaraścaiva putrāśca dhṛṣṭadyumnaśca pārṣataḥ.
9.
tasmin sutumule ghore kāle paramadāruṇe bhrātaraḥ
ca eva putrāḥ ca dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca pārṣataḥ
ca eva putrāḥ ca dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca pārṣataḥ
9.
tasmin sutumule ghore paramadāruṇe kāle bhrātaraḥ
ca eva putrāḥ ca dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca pārṣataḥ
ca eva putrāḥ ca dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca pārṣataḥ
9.
In that exceedingly fierce, dreadful, and utterly terrible time (of battle), the brothers, the sons, and Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the son of Pṛṣata (Pārṣata)... (The sentence is incomplete and continues into the next verse).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (battle/situation) (in that (masc./neuter loc. sg.))
- सुतुमुले (sutumule) - exceedingly fierce (very tumultuous, exceedingly fierce)
- घोरे (ghore) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, fearful)
- काले (kāle) - in that moment/battle (in time, in the moment, in the situation)
- परमदारुणे (paramadāruṇe) - utterly terrible (exceedingly terrible, extremely cruel)
- भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - the (Pāṇḍava) brothers (brothers)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- एव (eva) - indeed, even (indeed, just, only, even)
- पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - the (Pāṇḍavas') sons (Draupadīputras and Abhimanyu) (sons)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - son of Pṛṣata (an epithet for Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (son of Pṛṣata, descendant of Pṛṣata)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (battle/situation) (in that (masc./neuter loc. sg.))
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to kāle.
सुतुमुले (sutumule) - exceedingly fierce (very tumultuous, exceedingly fierce)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of sutumula
sutumula - very tumultuous, exceedingly noisy/fierce
Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+tumula)
- su – good, well, excellent, very
indeclinable
Prefix indicating intensity or excellence - tumula – noisy, tumultuous, fierce, violent
adjective (masculine)
Note: Qualifies kāle.
घोरे (ghore) - dreadful (dreadful, terrible, fearful)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of ghora
ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, formidable
Note: Qualifies kāle.
काले (kāle) - in that moment/battle (in time, in the moment, in the situation)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of kāla
kāla - time, season, moment, fate, death
Note: Refers to the context of the fierce battle.
परमदारुणे (paramadāruṇe) - utterly terrible (exceedingly terrible, extremely cruel)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of paramadāruṇa
paramadāruṇa - exceedingly terrible, extremely cruel/dreadful
Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+dāruṇa)
- parama – highest, supreme, excellent, utmost
adjective (masculine) - dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, cruel, severe
adjective (masculine)
Note: Qualifies kāle.
भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - the (Pāṇḍava) brothers (brothers)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ
bhrātṛ - brother
Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, even (indeed, just, only, even)
(indeclinable)
पुत्राः (putrāḥ) - the (Pāṇḍavas') sons (Draupadīputras and Abhimanyu) (sons)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of putra
putra - son, child
Note: Refers to the Upapāṇḍavas and Abhimanyu.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna
dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Draupadī's brother, commander of Pāṇḍava army)
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - son of Pṛṣata (an epithet for Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (son of Pṛṣata, descendant of Pṛṣata)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pārṣata
pārṣata - son of Pṛṣata, descendant of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Śikhaṇḍin)
Taddhita derivation from Pṛṣata.
Note: Used here in apposition to Dhṛṣṭadyumna.