महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-59, verse-18

तं तथा महतीं सेनां द्रावयन्तं पुनः पुनः ।
दृष्ट्वा मृत्युमिवायान्तं सर्वे विमनसोऽभवन् ॥१८॥

18. taṁ tathā mahatīṁ senāṁ drāvayantaṁ punaḥ punaḥ ,
dṛṣṭvā mṛtyumivāyāntaṁ sarve vimanaso'bhavan.

18. tam tathā mahatīm senām drāvayantam punaḥ punaḥ
dṛṣṭvā mṛtyum iva āyāntam sarve vimanasaḥ abhavan

18. taṃ tathā mahatīm senām punaḥ punaḥ drāvayantam
mṛtyum iva āyāntam dṛṣṭvā sarve vimanasaḥ abhavan

18. Having seen him thus routing the great army again and again, as if he were approaching Death (mṛtyu) personified, all became disheartened.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, large, mighty

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• द्रावयन्तम् (drāvayantam) - routing, causing to flee, dispersing

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having beheld

• मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• विमनसः (vimanasaḥ) - disheartened, disturbed in mind, sad

• अभवन् (abhavan) - they became, they were

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhimasena.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

महतीम् (mahatīm) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Modifies 'senām'.

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, troop

द्रावयन्तम् (drāvayantam) - routing, causing to flee, dispersing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drāvayant

drāvayant - causing to run, routing, dispersing

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Causative of root 'dru' (to run, flee)

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tam'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'again and again'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'again and again'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having beheld

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'dṛś'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death (mṛtyu), mortality, the god of death

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - coming, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching

Present Active Participle

From root 'yā' with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'tam'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

विमनसः (vimanasaḥ) - disheartened, disturbed in mind, sad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimanasa

vimanasa - disheartened, dejected, sad, distracted

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+manas)

• vi – apart, asunder, away, without
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)

अभवन् (abhavan) - they became, they were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)