महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-56, verse-4

तस्मिन्ननीकप्रमुखे विषक्ता दोधूयमानाश्च महापताकाः ।
सुरक्तपीतासितपाण्डुराभा महागजस्कन्धगता विरेजुः ॥४॥

4. tasminnanīkapramukhe viṣaktā; dodhūyamānāśca mahāpatākāḥ ,
suraktapītāsitapāṇḍurābhā; mahāgajaskandhagatā virejuḥ.

4. tasmin anīkapramukhe viṣaktāḥ dodhūyamānāḥ ca mahāpatākāḥ
| suraktapītāsitapāṇḍurābhāḥ mahāgajaskandhagatāḥ virejuḥ

4. tasmin anīkapramukhe,
viṣaktāḥ,
dodhūyamānāḥ ca,
suraktapītāsitapāṇḍurābhāḥ,
mahāgajaskandhagatāḥ mahāpatākāḥ virejuḥ.

4. In the vanguard of that army, the great banners, which were fixed, constantly swaying, and shining with very red, yellow, black, and pale white colors, placed on the shoulders of large elephants, shone brilliantly.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (army vanguard) (in that, on that)

• अनीकप्रमुखे (anīkapramukhe) - in the vanguard of the army, at the head of the army

• विषक्ताः (viṣaktāḥ) - fixed (banners) (fixed, attached, clinging)

• दोधूयमानाः (dodhūyamānāḥ) - constantly swaying (banners) (being vigorously shaken, constantly swaying)

• च (ca) - and, also

• महापताकाः (mahāpatākāḥ) - great banners, large flags

• सुरक्तपीतासितपाण्डुराभाः (suraktapītāsitapāṇḍurābhāḥ) - shining with very red, yellow, black, and pale white colors (having the luster of very red, yellow, black, and pale white)

• महागजस्कन्धगताः (mahāgajaskandhagatāḥ) - placed on the shoulders of great elephants

• विरेजुः (virejuḥ) - shone brilliantly, were resplendent

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (army vanguard) (in that, on that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अनीकप्रमुखे (anīkapramukhe) - in the vanguard of the army, at the head of the army

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of anīkapramukha

anīkapramukha - the vanguard or front part of an army

Tatpuruṣa compound: anīka ('army') + pramukha ('front, head').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anīka+pramukha)

• anīka – army, host, battle array
  noun (neuter)
• pramukha – front, head, chief, foremost
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra

विषक्ताः (viṣaktāḥ) - fixed (banners) (fixed, attached, clinging)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of viṣakta

viṣakta - attached, adhering, fixed, clinging; engaged in

Past Passive Participle

From root sajj (सज्ज्) 'to cling' with prefix vi (वि).

Prefix: vi

Root: sañj (class 1)

दोधूयमानाः (dodhūyamānāḥ) - constantly swaying (banners) (being vigorously shaken, constantly swaying)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of dodhūyamāna

dodhūyamāna - being repeatedly or vigorously shaken; swaying, agitated

Present Middle Participle (intensive)

From the intensive (yaṅ) form of root dhū (धू) 'to shake'.

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Intensive (yaṅ) participle, hence 'constantly' or 'vigorously'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महापताकाः (mahāpatākāḥ) - great banners, large flags

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mahāpatākā

mahāpatākā - a great banner, a large flag

Karmadhāraya compound: mahā ('great') + patākā ('banner').

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+patākā)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• patākā – banner, flag, standard; a distinguishing mark
  noun (feminine)

सुरक्तपीतासितपाण्डुराभाः (suraktapītāsitapāṇḍurābhāḥ) - shining with very red, yellow, black, and pale white colors (having the luster of very red, yellow, black, and pale white)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of suraktapītāsitapāṇḍurābha

suraktapītāsitapāṇḍurābha - of the luster of very red, yellow, black, and pale white

Bahuvrihi compound describing the color and luster of the banners. surakta (सु + रक्त) 'very red', pīta 'yellow', asita 'black', pāṇḍura 'pale white', ābhā 'luster, color'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (surakta+pīta+asita+pāṇḍura+ābhā)

• surakta – very red, brightly colored
  adjective (neuter)
  Compound of su ('very, good') and rakta ('red, colored').
  Prefix: su
• pīta – yellow, pale
  adjective (neuter)
• asita – black, dark; not white
  adjective (neuter)
  Compound of a- ('not') and sita ('white').
  Prefix: a
• pāṇḍura – pale white, yellowish white, whitish
  adjective (neuter)
• ābhā – luster, color, appearance, light, splendor
  noun (feminine)

महागजस्कन्धगताः (mahāgajaskandhagatāḥ) - placed on the shoulders of great elephants

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mahāgajaskandhagata

mahāgajaskandhagata - situated or mounted on the shoulders of great elephants

Compound: mahā ('great') + gaja ('elephant') + skandha ('shoulder') + gata ('gone, placed'). Specifically, a Tatpuruṣa within a Tatpuruṣa: gajaskandhagata ('placed on elephant shoulders') is a compound, and then mahāgaja ('great elephant') is a compound as well.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahāgaja+skandhagata)

• mahāgaja – large elephant, great elephant
  noun (masculine)
  Karmadhāraya compound: mahā ('great') + gaja ('elephant').
• skandhagata – placed on the shoulder, mounted on the shoulder
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Tatpuruṣa compound: skandha ('shoulder') + gata ('gone, placed').
  Root: gam (class 1)

विरेजुः (virejuḥ) - shone brilliantly, were resplendent

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of virāj

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

From root rāj (राज्) 'to shine' with prefix vi (वि). Perfect tense form (लिट्).

Prefix: vi

Root: rāj (class 1)