महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-56, verse-3

स तैर्महद्भिश्च महारथैश्च तेजस्विभिर्वीर्यवद्भिश्च राजन् ।
रराज राजोत्तम राजमुख्यैर्वृतः स देवैरिव वज्रपाणिः ॥३॥

3. sa tairmahadbhiśca mahārathaiśca; tejasvibhirvīryavadbhiśca rājan ,
rarāja rājottama rājamukhyai;rvṛtaḥ sa devairiva vajrapāṇiḥ.

3. saḥ taiḥ mahadbhiḥ ca mahārathaiḥ
ca tejasvibhiḥ vīryavadbhiḥ ca
rājan | rarāja rājottama rājamukhyaiḥ
vṛtaḥ saḥ devaiḥ iva vajrapāṇiḥ

3. rājan,
rājottama (bhīṣmaḥ) saḥ,
mahadbhiḥ ca mahārathaiḥ ca tejasvibhiḥ ca vīryavadbhiḥ (tathā) rājamukhyaiḥ taiḥ vṛtaḥ (san),
devaiḥ vṛtaḥ vajrapāṇiḥ iva rarāja.

3. O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), that best of kings (Bhīṣma), surrounded by those great, heroic, splendid, and valiant supreme charioteers, and by prominent kings, shone brilliantly, just like Vajrapāṇi (Indra) surrounded by the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Bhīṣma) (he, that)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (warriors and kings) (by them, with those)

• महद्भिः (mahadbhiḥ) - by the great, by the mighty ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers, by great warriors

• च (ca) - and, also

• तेजस्विभिः (tejasvibhiḥ) - by the splendid, by the glorious, by the powerful

• वीर्यवद्भिः (vīryavadbhiḥ) - by the valorous, by the heroic, by the energetic

• च (ca) - and, also

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

• रराज (rarāja) - shone, was resplendent, glittered

• राजोत्तम (rājottama) - that best of kings (Bhīṣma) (best of kings, chief of kings)

• राजमुख्यैः (rājamukhyaiḥ) - by chief kings, by prominent kings

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encircled, covered

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Bhīṣma) (he, that)

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, by the deities

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• वज्रपाणिः (vajrapāṇiḥ) - Vajrapāṇi (Indra, who holds the thunderbolt) (thunderbolt-handed (Indra))

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Bhīṣma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (warriors and kings) (by them, with those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महद्भिः (mahadbhiḥ) - by the great, by the mighty ones

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, extensive; a great person

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers, by great warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a powerful warrior (one who can fight 10,000 archers)

Compound of mahā ('great') and ratha ('chariot' or 'chariot-warrior').

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot; a charioteer, a warrior who fights from a chariot
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तेजस्विभिः (tejasvibhiḥ) - by the splendid, by the glorious, by the powerful

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tejasvin

tejasvin - splendid, glorious, brilliant, powerful, spirited

Derived from tejas ('luster, power, spirit') with suffix -vin.

वीर्यवद्भिः (vīryavadbhiḥ) - by the valorous, by the heroic, by the energetic

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vīryavat

vīryavat - valorous, heroic, mighty, energetic, strong

Derived from vīrya ('valor, energy, strength') with suffix -vat.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, monarch

रराज (rarāja) - shone, was resplendent, glittered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of rāj

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root rāj (राज्) 'to shine', class 1, Parasmaipada. Perfect tense form (लिट्).

Root: rāj (class 1)

राजोत्तम (rājottama) - that best of kings (Bhīṣma) (best of kings, chief of kings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājottama

rājottama - best of kings, excellent king, supreme ruler

Tatpuruṣa compound: rājan ('king') + uttama ('best').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+uttama)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

राजमुख्यैः (rājamukhyaiḥ) - by chief kings, by prominent kings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rājamukhya

rājamukhya - chief of kings, principal king, leading king

Tatpuruṣa compound: rājan ('king') + mukhya ('chief, principal').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+mukhya)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• mukhya – chief, principal, foremost
  adjective (masculine)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded, encircled, covered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (वृ) 'to cover, surround' or 'to choose'.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to Bhīṣma) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, by the deities

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being; a celestial being

Root: div (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

वज्रपाणिः (vajrapāṇiḥ) - Vajrapāṇi (Indra, who holds the thunderbolt) (thunderbolt-handed (Indra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vajrapāṇi

vajrapāṇi - having a thunderbolt in hand; an epithet of Indra

Bahuvrihi compound: vajra ('thunderbolt') + pāṇi ('hand').

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vajra+pāṇi)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (masculine)
• pāṇi – hand
  noun (masculine)