महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-56, verse-1

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संजय उवाच ।
व्युष्टां निशां भारत भारतानामनीकिनीनां प्रमुखे महात्मा ।
ययौ सपत्नान्प्रति जातकोपो वृतः समग्रेण बलेन भीष्मः ॥१॥

1. saṁjaya uvāca ,
vyuṣṭāṁ niśāṁ bhārata bhāratānā;manīkinīnāṁ pramukhe mahātmā ,
yayau sapatnānprati jātakopo; vṛtaḥ samagreṇa balena bhīṣmaḥ.

1. sañjaya uvāca | vyuṣṭām niśām bhārata
bhāratānām anīkinīnām pramukhe
mahātmā | yayau sapatnān prati jātakopaḥ
vṛtaḥ samagreṇa balena bhīṣmaḥ

1. sañjaya uvāca bhārata,
mahātmā bhīṣmaḥ,
vyuṣṭām niśām (satyām),
bhāratānām anīkinīnām pramukhe,
jātakopaḥ,
samagreṇa balena vṛtaḥ,
sapatnān prati yayau.

1. Sañjaya said: "O Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), at the break of dawn, the great-souled (ātman) Bhīṣma, filled with anger, advanced towards the enemies, surrounded by his entire army, leading the armies of the Bhāratas."

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya, the narrator (Sanjaya)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, stated

व्युष्टाम् (vyuṣṭām) - when the night had broken/dawned (dawned, broken, ended (referring to night))

निशाम् (niśām) - night

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

भारतानाम् (bhāratānām) - of the Bhārata armies (referring to the Kaurava side) (of the Bhāratas, of the Kauravas)

अनीकिनीनाम् (anīkinīnām) - of the armies, of the army divisions

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - at the head of the armies (at the head, in front, among the chief)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - the great-souled (ātman) Bhīṣma (great-souled, noble-minded, exalted)

ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded, moved

सपत्नान् (sapatnān) - enemies, rivals, adversaries

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in the direction of

जातकोपः (jātakopaḥ) - one whose anger has arisen, filled with wrath

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by his army) (surrounded, encircled, covered)

समग्रेण (samagreṇa) - by the entire, by the complete, by the whole

बलेन (balena) - by his entire army (by the force, by the army, by strength)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya, the narrator (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and counsellor)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, stated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root vac (वाच्) 'to speak', class 2, Parasmaipada. Perfect tense form (लिट्).

Root: vac (class 2)

व्युष्टाम् (vyuṣṭām) - when the night had broken/dawned (dawned, broken, ended (referring to night))

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vyuṣṭa

vyuṣṭa - dawned, broken, passed (of night); bright, clear

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root vas (वस्) 'to shine, dwell' with prefix vi (वि), indicating 'dawned' or 'broken'.

Prefix: vi

Root: vas (class 2)

निशाम् (niśām) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night, darkness

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed by Sañjaya) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; a name for India or its inhabitants; a warrior

A patronymic from Bharata.

भारतानाम् (bhāratānām) - of the Bhārata armies (referring to the Kaurava side) (of the Bhāratas, of the Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; a name for India or its inhabitants; a warrior

A patronymic from Bharata.

अनीकिनीनाम् (anīkinīnām) - of the armies, of the army divisions

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of anīkinī

anīkinī - an army, a division of an army (one-tenth of an akṣauhiṇī)

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - at the head of the armies (at the head, in front, among the chief)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pramukha

pramukha - foremost, chief, principal; face, mouth, front

Compound of pra (preposition 'forth, forward') and mukha ('face').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pra+mukha)

pra – forth, forward, before, in front of
indeclinable
mukha – face, mouth, front, chief, principal
noun (neuter)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - the great-souled (ātman) Bhīṣma (great-souled, noble-minded, exalted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble; a great person

Compound of mahā ('great') and ātman ('soul, self').

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective
ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
noun (masculine)

ययौ (yayau) - went, proceeded, moved

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root yā (या) 'to go', class 2, Parasmaipada. Perfect tense form (लिट्).

Root: yā (class 2)

सपत्नान् (sapatnān) - enemies, rivals, adversaries

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sapatna

sapatna - an enemy, a rival, an adversary; having the same husband (co-wife)

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, in the direction of

(indeclinable)

Preposition or adverb, often governing accusative.

जातकोपः (jātakopaḥ) - one whose anger has arisen, filled with wrath

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jātakopa

jātakopa - one whose anger has arisen, enraged, incensed

Bahuvrihi compound: jāta ('born, arisen') + kopa ('anger').

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāta+kopa)

jāta – born, produced, arisen, happened
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root jan (जन्) 'to be born'.
Root: jan (class 4)
kopa – anger, wrath, rage
noun (masculine)
Root: kup (class 4)

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - surrounded (by his army) (surrounded, encircled, covered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, surrounded, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (वृ) 'to cover, surround' or 'to choose'.

Root: vṛ (class 5)

समग्रेण (samagreṇa) - by the entire, by the complete, by the whole

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samagra

samagra - entire, whole, complete, all

Compound of sa ('with') and agra ('foremost, peak').