महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-56, verse-15

रथी रथेनाभिहतः ससूतः पपात साश्वः सरथः सकेतुः ।
गजो गजेनाभिहतः पपात पदातिना चाभिहतः पदातिः ॥१५॥

15. rathī rathenābhihataḥ sasūtaḥ; papāta sāśvaḥ sarathaḥ saketuḥ ,
gajo gajenābhihataḥ papāta; padātinā cābhihataḥ padātiḥ.

15. rathī rathena abhihataḥ sasūtaḥ
papāta sāśvaḥ sarathaḥ saketuḥ
gajaḥ gajena abhihataḥ papāta
padātinā ca abhihataḥ padātiḥ

15. rathena abhihataḥ sasūtaḥ sāśvaḥ
sarathaḥ saketuḥ rathī papāta
gajena abhihataḥ gajaḥ papāta ca
padātinā abhihataḥ padātiḥ (papāta)

15. A warrior (rathī), struck by another chariot, fell with his charioteer, his horses, his chariot, and his banner. An elephant, struck by another elephant, fell. And a foot-soldier, struck by another foot-soldier, also fell.

Words meanings summery:

• रथी (rathī) - a charioteer, a warrior mounted on a chariot

• रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot

• अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck, hit, attacked

• ससूतः (sasūtaḥ) - with his charioteer

• पपात (papāta) - fell

• साश्वः (sāśvaḥ) - with his horses

• सरथः (sarathaḥ) - with his chariot

• सकेतुः (saketuḥ) - with his banner

• गजः (gajaḥ) - an elephant

• गजेन (gajena) - by an elephant

• अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck by another elephant (struck, hit, attacked)

• पपात (papāta) - fell

• पदातिना (padātinā) - by a foot-soldier

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck by another foot-soldier (struck, hit, attacked)

• पदातिः (padātiḥ) - a foot-soldier, infantryman

Words meanings and morphology

रथी (rathī) - a charioteer, a warrior mounted on a chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

Note: Subject of the first clause.

रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Agent of the participle 'abhihataḥ'.

अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck, hit, attacked

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhihata

abhihata - struck, hit

Past Passive Participle

from √han with abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes 'rathī'.

ससूतः (sasūtaḥ) - with his charioteer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sasūta

sasūta - with charioteer

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+sūta)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• sūta – charioteer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'rathī'.

पपात (papāta) - fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect 3rd person singular of √pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first and second clause.

साश्वः (sāśvaḥ) - with his horses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāśva

sāśva - with horses

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+aśva)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'rathī'.

सरथः (sarathaḥ) - with his chariot

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saratha

saratha - with chariot

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ratha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'rathī'.

सकेतुः (saketuḥ) - with his banner

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saketu

saketu - with banner

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ketu)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• ketu – banner, flag
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'rathī'.

गजः (gajaḥ) - an elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Subject of the second clause.

गजेन (gajena) - by an elephant

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Agent of the participle 'abhihataḥ'.

अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck by another elephant (struck, hit, attacked)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhihata

abhihata - struck, hit

Past Passive Participle

from √han with abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes 'gajaḥ'.

पपात (papāta) - fell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect 3rd person singular of √pat

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the first and second clause.

पदातिना (padātinā) - by a foot-soldier

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of padātin

padātin - foot-soldier, infantryman

Note: Agent of the participle 'abhihataḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the third clause.

अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck by another foot-soldier (struck, hit, attacked)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhihata

abhihata - struck, hit

Past Passive Participle

from √han with abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Describes 'padātiḥ'.

पदातिः (padātiḥ) - a foot-soldier, infantryman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padātin

padātin - foot-soldier, infantryman

Note: Subject of the third clause (with implied 'papāta').