महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-42, verse-18

अथ तान्द्रौपदीपुत्राः सौभद्रश्च महारथः ।
नकुलः सहदेवश्च धृष्टद्युम्नश्च पार्षतः ॥१८॥

18. atha tāndraupadīputrāḥ saubhadraśca mahārathaḥ ,
nakulaḥ sahadevaśca dhṛṣṭadyumnaśca pārṣataḥ.

18. atha tān draupadīputrāḥ saubhadraḥ ca mahārathaḥ
nakulaḥ sahadevaḥ ca dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ ca pārṣataḥ

18. atha tān draupadīputrāḥ ca saubhadraḥ mahārathaḥ
ca nakulaḥ ca sahadevaḥ ca dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ pārṣataḥ

18. Then, the sons of Draupadī, along with Saubhadra (Abhimanyu), a great chariot-warrior (mahāratha); Nakula, Sahadeva, and Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāñcāla prince (pārṣata) [were also present].

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• तान् (tān) - them (referring to the Kaurava warriors) (them, those)

• द्रौपदीपुत्राः (draupadīputrāḥ) - the five sons of Draupadī (Prativindhya, Sutasoma, Śrutakīrti, Śatānīka, Śrutasena) (sons of Draupadī)

• सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Abhimanyu (Saubhadra (son of Subhadrā), Abhimanyu)

• च (ca) - and, also

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - referring to Saubhadra (Abhimanyu), a great chariot-warrior (a great chariot-warrior)

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva

• च (ca) - and, also

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• च (ca) - and, also

• पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Drupada, who was also called Pārṣata as a patronymic, son of Pṛṣata) (son of Pṛṣata, a Pāñcāla prince)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - them (referring to the Kaurava warriors) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the previously mentioned Kaurava warriors as the opponents.

द्रौपदीपुत्राः (draupadīputrāḥ) - the five sons of Draupadī (Prativindhya, Sutasoma, Śrutakīrti, Śatānīka, Śrutasena) (sons of Draupadī)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of draupadīputra

draupadīputra - son of Draupadī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (draupadī+putra)

• draupadī – Draupadī (daughter of Drupada)
  proper noun (feminine)
  patronymic from Drupada
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

सौभद्रः (saubhadraḥ) - Abhimanyu (Saubhadra (son of Subhadrā), Abhimanyu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadrā (patronymic, refers to Abhimanyu)

patronymic from Subhadrā

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the Draupadīputras and Saubhadra.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - referring to Saubhadra (Abhimanyu), a great chariot-warrior (a great chariot-warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great chariot-warrior; one capable of fighting many chariots at once

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (chariot-borne)
  noun (masculine)

Note: An epithet for a warrior of high rank.

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - Nakula (proper name); mongoose

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (proper name); with the gods

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (saha+deva)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• deva – god, divine being
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Nakula' and 'Sahadeva'.

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name); bold glory

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dhṛṣṭa+dyumna)

• dhṛṣṭa – bold, audacious
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhṛṣ (to be bold)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)
• dyumna – glory, power, wealth
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Sahadeva' and 'Dhṛṣṭadyumna'.

पार्षतः (pārṣataḥ) - refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Drupada, who was also called Pārṣata as a patronymic, son of Pṛṣata) (son of Pṛṣata, a Pāñcāla prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - son of Pṛṣata (patronymic, refers to Drupada, and by extension, Dhṛṣṭadyumna as son of Drupada)

patronymic from Pṛṣata

Note: Qualifies Dhṛṣṭadyumna.