महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-57, verse-2

दुर्योधन निवर्तस्व युद्धाद्भरतसत्तम ।
न हि युद्धं प्रशंसन्ति सर्वावस्थमरिंदम ॥२॥

2. duryodhana nivartasva yuddhādbharatasattama ,
na hi yuddhaṁ praśaṁsanti sarvāvasthamariṁdama.

2. duryodhana nivartasva yuddhāt bharatasattama na
hi yuddham praśaṃsanti sarvāvastham ariṃdama

2. O Duryodhana, O best among the Bhāratas, turn back from battle! For, O subduer of enemies, people do not praise battle under all circumstances.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - O Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

• निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - turn back, desist (turn back, desist, retreat, return)

• युद्धात् (yuddhāt) - from battle (from battle, from war)

• भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of the Bhāratas (best of the Bhāratas)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हि (hi) - for (indeed, for, because, certainly)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, war, fight)

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise (people) (they praise, they commend)

• सर्वावस्थम् (sarvāvastham) - under all circumstances (in all conditions, in every state)

• अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (subduer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - O Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

Prefix: dur

Root: yudh (class 4)

निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - turn back, desist (turn back, desist, retreat, return)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of vṛt

Imperative

Root `vṛt` with prefix `ni`, middle voice, 2nd person singular, imperative mood.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

युद्धात् (yuddhāt) - from battle (from battle, from war)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `yudh`.

Root: yudh (class 4)

भरतसत्तम (bharatasattama) - O best of the Bhāratas (best of the Bhāratas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatasattama

bharatasattama - best of the Bhāratas, excellent among the Bhāratas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+sattama)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king, a Bhārata
  proper noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative suffix `tama` added to `sat` (good)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - for (indeed, for, because, certainly)

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle (battle, war, fight)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `yudh`.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of `praśaṃsanti`.

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise (people) (they praise, they commend)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of śaṃs

Present

Root `śaṃs` with prefix `pra`, active voice, 3rd person plural, present tense.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

सर्वावस्थम् (sarvāvastham) - under all circumstances (in all conditions, in every state)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarvāvastha

sarvāvastha - being in all conditions, belonging to all states

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+avastha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun/adjective (masculine)
• avastha – state, condition, situation
  noun (feminine)
  Prefix: ava
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially, modifying `praśaṃsanti`.

अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (subduer of enemies)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming, self-control
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root `dam`
  Root: dam (class 4)