महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-32, verse-23

एतान्गुणान्कर्मकृतानवेक्ष्य भावाभावौ वर्तमानावनित्यौ ।
बलिर्हि राजा पारमविन्दमानो नान्यत्कालात्कारणं तत्र मेने ॥२३॥

23. etānguṇānkarmakṛtānavekṣya; bhāvābhāvau vartamānāvanityau ,
balirhi rājā pāramavindamāno; nānyatkālātkāraṇaṁ tatra mene.

23. etān guṇān karmakṛtān avekṣya
bhāva-abhāvau vartamānau anityau
baliḥ hi rājā pāram avindamānaḥ na
anyat kālāt kāraṇam tatra mene

23. Indeed, King Bali, having observed these qualities produced by (karma) action, and the present impermanent states of being and non-being, and not finding a definitive end (or explanation), concluded that there was no other cause for them than time.

Words meanings summery:

• एतान् (etān) - these

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, attributes

• कर्मकृतान् (karmakṛtān) - produced by action, caused by action

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having considered, having observed

• भाव-अभावौ (bhāva-abhāvau) - existence and non-existence, being and non-being

• वर्तमानौ (vartamānau) - existing, present

• अनित्यौ (anityau) - impermanent, transient

• बलिः (baliḥ) - King Bali (Bali)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• राजा (rājā) - king

• पारम् (pāram) - the end, the limit, the other shore, solution

• अविन्दमानः (avindamānaḥ) - not finding, not attaining

• न (na) - not

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another

• कालात् (kālāt) - from time, than time

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that matter

• मेने (mene) - he thought, he considered

Words meanings and morphology

एतान् (etān) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, attributes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, virtue

कर्मकृतान् (karmakṛtān) - produced by action, caused by action

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of karmakṛta

karmakṛta - performed by (karma) action

Compound type : tṛtīyā-tatpuruṣa (karma+kṛta)

• karma – action (karma), deed
  noun (neuter)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having considered, having observed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed with prefix ava- and root īkṣ

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

भाव-अभावौ (bhāva-abhāvau) - existence and non-existence, being and non-being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhāvābhāva

bhāvābhāva - existence and non-existence

Compound type : itaretara-dvandva (bhāva+abhāva)

• bhāva – being, existence, state
  noun (masculine)
• abhāva – non-existence, absence
  noun (masculine)

वर्तमानौ (vartamānau) - existing, present

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, present, current

Present Active Participle (middle)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अनित्यौ (anityau) - impermanent, transient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nitya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• nitya – permanent, eternal
  adjective (masculine)

बलिः (baliḥ) - King Bali (Bali)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bali

bali - name of a king

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

पारम् (pāram) - the end, the limit, the other shore, solution

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāra

pāra - the other side, limit, end

अविन्दमानः (avindamānaḥ) - not finding, not attaining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avindamāna

avindamāna - not finding, not attaining

Present Active Participle (middle)

Formed from 'a' (negation) + 'vid' (to find/know) + 'māna' suffix

Root: vid (class 6)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: negative particle

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another

कालात् (kālāt) - from time, than time

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause, reason

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that matter

(indeclinable)

मेने (mene) - he thought, he considered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of man

Root: man (class 4)