महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-32, verse-11

परं धर्मात्पाण्डवस्यानृशंस्यं धर्मः परो वित्तचयान्मतोऽस्य ।
सुखप्रिये धर्महीने न पार्थोऽनुरुध्यते भारत तस्य विद्धि ॥११॥

11. paraṁ dharmātpāṇḍavasyānṛśaṁsyaṁ; dharmaḥ paro vittacayānmato'sya ,
sukhapriye dharmahīne na pārtho;'nurudhyate bhārata tasya viddhi.

11. param dharmāt pāṇḍavasya anṛśaṃsyam
dharmaḥ paraḥ vittacayāt mataḥ
asya sukhapriye dharmahīne na pārthaḥ
anurudhyate bhārata tasya viddhi

11. The Pandava's compassion is superior to mere adherence to righteousness (dharma). Indeed, for him, righteousness (dharma) is more important than the accumulation of wealth. O Bharata, know that Partha does not indulge in pleasures that are devoid of righteousness (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• परम् (param) - superior (superior, higher, best)

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - than (his adherence to) righteousness (dharma) (from dharma, than dharma)

• पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the Pandava (Yudhishthira) (of the Pandava)

• अनृशंस्यम् (anṛśaṁsyam) - compassion (compassion, non-cruelty)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness (dharma) (righteousness, duty, law)

• परः (paraḥ) - superior (superior, higher, best)

• वित्तचयात् (vittacayāt) - than the accumulation of wealth (from accumulation of wealth, than accumulation of wealth)

• मतः (mataḥ) - considered (by him) (considered, thought, intended)

• अस्य (asya) - his (of the Pandava) (of him, his)

• सुकप्रिये (sukapriye) - in pleasures (in pleasures, in beloved happiness)

• धर्महीने (dharmahīne) - devoid of righteousness (dharma) (devoid of dharma, without righteousness)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Partha (Yudhishthira) (son of Pritha (Kunti))

• अनुरुध्यते (anurudhyate) - indulges in, delights in (follows, delights in, indulges in)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata (Dhritarashtra, descendant of Bharata) (O Bharata, descendant of Bharata)

• तस्य (tasya) - this (referring to the previous statement) (of that, his)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know, understand)

Words meanings and morphology

परम् (param) - superior (superior, higher, best)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, supreme, highest, superior

Note: It is an adjective modifying anṛśaṃsyam (neuter).

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - than (his adherence to) righteousness (dharma) (from dharma, than dharma)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue, constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature (dharma)

Note: Used with 'para' for comparison.

पाण्डवस्य (pāṇḍavasya) - of the Pandava (Yudhishthira) (of the Pandava)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu; a Pandava prince

Derived from pāṇḍu with aṇ suffix

अनृशंस्यम् (anṛśaṁsyam) - compassion (compassion, non-cruelty)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anṛśaṃsya

anṛśaṁsya - compassion, non-cruelty, benevolence

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+nṛśaṃsya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• nṛśaṃsya – cruelty, atrocity, malevolence
  noun (neuter)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - righteousness (dharma) (righteousness, duty, law)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - righteousness, duty, law, virtue, constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature (dharma)

परः (paraḥ) - superior (superior, higher, best)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para

para - other, supreme, highest, superior

Note: Modifying dharmaḥ.

वित्तचयात् (vittacayāt) - than the accumulation of wealth (from accumulation of wealth, than accumulation of wealth)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vittacaya

vittacaya - accumulation of wealth

Compound type : tatpurusha (vitta+caya)

• vitta – wealth, property, acquired (Past Passive Participle of vid 'to acquire')
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vid (to gain, acquire)
  Root: vid (class 6)
• caya – accumulation, collection, heap
  noun (masculine)
  From root ci (to gather)
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Used with 'para'.

मतः (mataḥ) - considered (by him) (considered, thought, intended)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - considered, thought, intended, approved

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Modifies dharmaḥ.

अस्य (asya) - his (of the Pandava) (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

सुकप्रिये (sukapriye) - in pleasures (in pleasures, in beloved happiness)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of sukapriya

sukapriya - fond of pleasure, indulging in happiness

Compound type : tatpurusha (sukha+priya)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing, pleasure
  adjective

Note: Here used substantively. The devanagari is 'सुखप्रिये', which means 'sukha-priye' (with a short u for sukha).

धर्महीने (dharmahīne) - devoid of righteousness (dharma) (devoid of dharma, without righteousness)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dharmahīna

dharmahīna - devoid of dharma, unrighteous

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+hīna)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, virtue, constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
• hīna – devoid of, abandoned, inferior (Past Passive Participle of hā 'to leave')
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hā (to abandon)
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with sukhapriye.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Partha (Yudhishthira) (son of Pritha (Kunti))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti); Arjuna, Yudhishthira, Bhima

Derived from pṛthā (Kunti) with aṇ suffix

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira.

अनुरुध्यते (anurudhyate) - indulges in, delights in (follows, delights in, indulges in)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of anurudh

Present Middle

3rd person singular present middle of root rudh (to obstruct, to delight) with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Often takes locative.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata (Dhritarashtra, descendant of Bharata) (O Bharata, descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; an Indian; belonging to India

Derived from bharata with aṇ suffix

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya.

तस्य (tasya) - this (referring to the previous statement) (of that, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can refer to 'of that' or used adverbially for 'therefore'. Here used with viddhi.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know (know, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative Active

2nd person singular imperative active of root vid

Root: vid (class 2)