महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-32, verse-19

कथं हि मन्त्राग्र्यधरो मनीषी धर्मार्थयोरापदि संप्रणेता ।
एवंयुक्तः सर्वमन्त्रैरहीनो अनानृशंस्यं कर्म कुर्यादमूढः ॥१९॥

19. kathaṁ hi mantrāgryadharo manīṣī; dharmārthayorāpadi saṁpraṇetā ,
evaṁyuktaḥ sarvamantrairahīno; anānṛśaṁsyaṁ karma kuryādamūḍhaḥ.

19. katham hi mantrāgryadharaḥ manīṣī
dharmārthayoḥ āpadi sampraṇetā
evaṃyuktaḥ sarvamantraiḥ ahīnaḥ
anānṛśaṃsyam karma kuryāt amūḍhaḥ

19. How indeed would a wise and prudent person, who holds the foremost counsel (mantra), who is a leader concerning (dharma) (natural law) and material prosperity (artha) in times of calamity (āpadi), thus equipped, not deficient in any counsel (mantra), perform a non-cruel action (karma) without delusion?

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how (indeed)? (how? why?)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, because)

• मन्त्राग्र्यधरः (mantrāgryadharaḥ) - holder of the foremost counsel (mantra) (holder of the best counsel, one who possesses excellent (mantra))

• मनीषी (manīṣī) - wise, intelligent, sagacious

• धर्मार्थयोः (dharmārthayoḥ) - concerning righteousness (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (of (dharma) and artha, in (dharma) and material prosperity)

• आपदि (āpadi) - in times of calamity (āpadi) (in calamity, in misfortune)

• सम्प्रणेता (sampraṇetā) - a leader (a good guide, a proper leader, one who directs well)

• एवंयुक्तः (evaṁyuktaḥ) - thus equipped (thus endowed, thus joined, thus equipped)

• सर्वमन्त्रैः (sarvamantraiḥ) - by all counsel (mantra) (by all counsels, by all (mantras))

• अहीनः (ahīnaḥ) - not deficient (in counsel) (not deficient, complete, not inferior)

• अनानृशंस्यम् (anānṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruel (non-cruel, non-violent, benevolent)

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action (karma), deed, work)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do, should perform

• अमूढः (amūḍhaḥ) - without delusion (undeluded, discerning, wise)

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how (indeed)? (how? why?)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

मन्त्राग्र्यधरः (mantrāgryadharaḥ) - holder of the foremost counsel (mantra) (holder of the best counsel, one who possesses excellent (mantra))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mantrāgryadhara

mantrāgryadhara - holder of the best counsel, one who possesses excellent (mantra)

Compound (tatpuruṣa) 'agra' (foremost) of 'mantra' (counsel) + 'dhara' (holder)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mantra+agra+dhara)

• mantra – counsel (mantra), advice, sacred text (mantra), incantation
  noun (masculine)
  From root man (to think) + suffix -tra
  Root: man (class 4)
• agra – foremost, chief, tip, top
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – holder, bearer, possessing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from dhṛ
  From root dhṛ (to hold, bear) + suffix -a
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

मनीषी (manīṣī) - wise, intelligent, sagacious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manīṣin

manīṣin - wise, intelligent, sagacious, learned, a wise man

From manīṣā (wisdom) + suffix -in

धर्मार्थयोः (dharmārthayoḥ) - concerning righteousness (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (of (dharma) and artha, in (dharma) and material prosperity)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of dharmārtha

dharmārtha - (dharma) and artha (material prosperity/purpose)

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+artha)

• dharma – constitution (dharma), natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, material prosperity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: arth (class 10)

आपदि (āpadi) - in times of calamity (āpadi) (in calamity, in misfortune)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - misfortune, calamity, distress, adversity

From prefix ā + root pad (to go)

Prefix: ā

Root: pad (class 4)

सम्प्रणेता (sampraṇetā) - a leader (a good guide, a proper leader, one who directs well)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sampraṇetṛ

sampraṇetṛ - a good guide, a proper leader, one who directs well, a manager

Agent noun

From sam + pra + root nī (to lead) + suffix -tṛ

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: nī (class 1)

एवंयुक्तः (evaṁyuktaḥ) - thus equipped (thus endowed, thus joined, thus equipped)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of evaṃyukta

evaṁyukta - thus endowed, thus joined, thus equipped, connected in this way

Compound (bahuvrīhi) "one who is joined thus"

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (evam+yukta)

• evam – thus, in this manner, so
  indeclinable
• yukta – joined, yoked, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yuj (to join, connect)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

सर्वमन्त्रैः (sarvamantraiḥ) - by all counsel (mantra) (by all counsels, by all (mantras))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarvamantra

sarvamantra - all counsels, all (mantras)

Compound (tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+mantra)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• mantra – counsel (mantra), advice, sacred text (mantra), incantation
  noun (masculine)
  From root man (to think) + suffix -tra
  Root: man (class 4)

अहीनः (ahīnaḥ) - not deficient (in counsel) (not deficient, complete, not inferior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahīna

ahīna - not deficient, complete, not inferior, perfect

Negative prefix 'a' + 'hīna'

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+hīna)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• hīna – deprived of, devoid of, lacking, inferior
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hā (to abandon) with suffix -ta
  Root: hā (class 3)

अनानृशंस्यम् (anānṛśaṁsyam) - non-cruel (non-cruel, non-violent, benevolent)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anānṛśaṃsya

anānṛśaṁsya - non-cruelty, benevolence, kindness, harmlessness

Negative prefix 'an' + 'ānṛśaṃsya' (noun from nṛśaṃsa - cruel)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (an+ānṛśaṃsya)

• an – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• ānṛśaṃsya – cruelty, wickedness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from nṛśaṃsa (cruel) + suffix -ya

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action (karma), deed, work)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action (karma), deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

From root kṛ (to do) + suffix -man

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - should do, should perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अमूढः (amūḍhaḥ) - without delusion (undeluded, discerning, wise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of amūḍha

amūḍha - undeluded, not foolish, discerning, wise

Negative prefix 'a' + 'mūḍha' (Past Passive Participle of muh)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (a+mūḍha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• mūḍha – confused, deluded, foolish, ignorant
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muh (to be bewildered, confused)
  Root: muh (class 4)