महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-32, verse-18

home » Scriptures Library » Mahabharata

View complete chapter

कुले जातो धर्मवान्यो यशस्वी बहुश्रुतः सुखजीवी यतात्मा ।
धर्मार्थयोर्ग्रथितयोर्बिभर्ति नान्यत्र दिष्टस्य वशादुपैति ॥१८॥

18. kule jāto dharmavānyo yaśasvī; bahuśrutaḥ sukhajīvī yatātmā ,
dharmārthayorgrathitayorbibharti; nānyatra diṣṭasya vaśādupaiti.

18. kule jātaḥ dharmavān yaḥ yaśasvī
bahuśrutaḥ sukhajīvī yatātmā
dharmārthayoḥ grathitayoḥ bibharti
na anyatra diṣṭasya vaśāt upaiti

18. One who is born in a (good) family, endowed with (dharma) (natural law/righteousness), famous, widely learned, living happily, and self-controlled—such a one upholds (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) when they are intertwined. He does not go elsewhere under the sway of destiny.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

कुले (kule) - in a (good) family (in a family, in a lineage)

जातः (jātaḥ) - born (in a family) (born, produced, arisen)

धर्मवान् (dharmavān) - endowed with righteousness (dharma) or natural law (dharma) (endowed with (dharma), righteous, virtuous)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

यशस्वी (yaśasvī) - famous, glorious, renowned

बहुश्रुतः (bahuśrutaḥ) - widely learned, much heard, well-read

सुखवी (sukhavī) - living happily, leading a comfortable life

सुकजीवी (sukajīvī) - living happily, leading a comfortable life

यतात्मा (yatātmā) - self-controlled, disciplined in spirit, restrained

धर्मार्थयोः (dharmārthayoḥ) - concerning righteousness (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (of (dharma) and artha, in (dharma) and material prosperity)

ग्रथितयोः (grathitayoḥ) - when (dharma and artha) are intertwined (of (the) intertwined, of (the) connected)

बिभर्ति (bibharti) - upholds, maintains, bears

न (na) - not, no

अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere, in another place

दिष्टस्य (diṣṭasya) - of destiny, of fate, of what is ordained

वशात् (vaśāt) - under the sway of (destiny) (from the power/sway of, by means of)

उपैति (upaiti) - goes elsewhere, strays (goes to, approaches, obtains)

Words meanings and morphology

कुले (kule) - in a (good) family (in a family, in a lineage)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, community, noble family

जातः (jātaḥ) - born (in a family) (born, produced, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, become, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jan (to be born) with suffix -ta

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Modifies the implied subject "he" (or "one").

धर्मवान् (dharmavān) - endowed with righteousness (dharma) or natural law (dharma) (endowed with (dharma), righteous, virtuous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmavat

dharmavat - endowed with (dharma), righteous, virtuous, pious

Possessive suffix -vat from dharma

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

यशस्वी (yaśasvī) - famous, glorious, renowned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - famous, glorious, renowned, splendid

Possessive suffix -vin from yaśas (fame)

बहुश्रुतः (bahuśrutaḥ) - widely learned, much heard, well-read

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahuśruta

bahuśruta - widely learned, much heard, well-read, highly educated

Compound (bahuvrīhi) "one by whom much has been heard"

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+śruta)

bahu – much, many, abundant
adjective (neuter)
śruta – heard, learned, known
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root śru (to hear)
Root: śru (class 5)

सुखवी (sukhavī) - living happily, leading a comfortable life

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, ease

Note: It should be `sukha-jīvin`. The `jīvin` part is missing in the `word_form` above but it is present in the `roman_words_no_sandhi`. Let's correct this entry.

सुकजीवी (sukajīvī) - living happily, leading a comfortable life

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukajīvin

sukajīvin - living happily, leading a comfortable life

Compound (tatpuruṣa) "one who lives in happiness"

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+jīvin)

sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure, ease
noun (neuter)
jīvin – living, existing, alive; one who lives
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun/adjective from root jīv
Derived from root jīv (to live) with suffix -in
Root: jīv (class 1)

यतात्मा (yatātmā) - self-controlled, disciplined in spirit, restrained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatātman

yatātman - self-controlled, disciplined in spirit, restrained, composed

Compound (bahuvrīhi) "one whose self (ātman) is controlled"

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yata+ātman)

yata – controlled, restrained, disciplined
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root yam (to control) with suffix -ta
Root: yam (class 1)
ātman – self (ātman), soul (ātman), individual spirit (ātman), essence
noun (masculine)

धर्मार्थयोः (dharmārthayoḥ) - concerning righteousness (dharma) and material prosperity (artha) (of (dharma) and artha, in (dharma) and material prosperity)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of dharmārtha

dharmārtha - (dharma) and artha (material prosperity/purpose)

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (dharma+artha)

dharma – constitution (dharma), natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ (to uphold)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
artha – purpose, aim, meaning, wealth, material prosperity
noun (masculine)
Root: arth (class 10)

ग्रथितयोः (grathitayoḥ) - when (dharma and artha) are intertwined (of (the) intertwined, of (the) connected)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, dual of grathita

grathita - intertwined, tied, connected, composed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root grath (to tie, string together) with suffix -ta

Root: grath (class 9)

Note: Agrees with dharmārthayoḥ.

बिभर्ति (bibharti) - upholds, maintains, bears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhṛ

Reduplicated present