महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-32, verse-16

स त्वमर्थं संशयितं विना तैराशंससे पुत्रवशानुगोऽद्य ।
अधर्मशब्दश्च महान्पृथिव्यां नेदं कर्म त्वत्समं भारताग्र्य ॥१६॥

16. sa tvamarthaṁ saṁśayitaṁ vinā tai;rāśaṁsase putravaśānugo'dya ,
adharmaśabdaśca mahānpṛthivyāṁ; nedaṁ karma tvatsamaṁ bhāratāgrya.

16. sa tvam artham saṃśayitam vinā taiḥ
āśaṃsase putravaśānugaḥ adya
adharmaśabdaḥ ca mahān pṛthivyām na
idam karma tvatsamam bhāratāgrya

16. So you, subservient to your sons today, desire uncertain prosperity (artha) without them [the Pandavas]. A great name for unrighteousness (adharma) has spread throughout the earth, and this action (karma) is not fitting for you, O foremost among the Bharatas.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - so (introducing a conclusion or consequence) (that, he, so)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अर्थम् (artham) - prosperity (artha), material gain (purpose, wealth, meaning, prosperity)

• संशयितम् (saṁśayitam) - doubtful, uncertain, ambiguous

• विना (vinā) - without, except

• तैः (taiḥ) - without them (the Pandavas) (by them, with them)

• आशंससे (āśaṁsase) - you desire, you hope for, you wish

• पुत्रवशानुगः (putravaśānugaḥ) - following the will of sons, subservient to sons

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• अधर्मशब्दः (adharmaśabdaḥ) - word/reputation of unrighteousness

• च (ca) - and, also

• महान् (mahān) - great, large, powerful

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth, in the world

• न (na) - not, no

• इदम् (idam) - this

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed

• त्वत्समम् (tvatsamam) - fitting for you, worthy of you (equal to you, like you, worthy of you)

• भारताग्र्य (bhāratāgrya) - (Addressing Dhritarashtra) (O foremost of Bharatas)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - so (introducing a conclusion or consequence) (that, he, so)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used as a copula or emphatic particle.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अर्थम् (artham) - prosperity (artha), material gain (purpose, wealth, meaning, prosperity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, prosperity, object

Note: Object of 'āśaṃsase'.

संशयितम् (saṁśayitam) - doubtful, uncertain, ambiguous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśayita

saṁśayita - doubtful, uncertain, ambiguous, suspected

Past Passive Participle

From saṃ-√śī (to doubt)

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'artham'.

विना (vinā) - without, except

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs 'taiḥ'.

तैः (taiḥ) - without them (the Pandavas) (by them, with them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Pandavas implicitly.

आशंससे (āśaṁsase) - you desire, you hope for, you wish

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ā-√śaṃs

From ā-√śaṃs (to speak, declare, wish)

Prefix: ā

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

पुत्रवशानुगः (putravaśānugaḥ) - following the will of sons, subservient to sons

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putravaśānuga

putravaśānuga - following the will of sons, subservient to sons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+vaśa+anuga)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – will, power, control, subjection
  noun (masculine)
• anuga – following, subservient, attendant
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From anu-√gam
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tvam'.

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

अधर्मशब्दः (adharmaśabdaḥ) - word/reputation of unrighteousness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharmaśabda

adharmaśabda - word/reputation of unrighteousness (adharma)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adharma+śabda)

• adharma – unrighteousness, injustice, vice, lawlessness
  noun (masculine)
  a + dharma
  Prefix: a
• śabda – sound, word, reputation, term
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महान् (mahān) - great, large, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, powerful, noble

Note: Qualifies 'adharmaśabdaḥ'.

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Refers to 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - action, deed

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, ritual, fate, consequence of action

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of the clause.

त्वत्समम् (tvatsamam) - fitting for you, worthy of you (equal to you, like you, worthy of you)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tvatsama

tvatsama - equal to you, like you, worthy of you

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvad+sama)

• tvad – you (stem form)
  pronoun
• sama – equal, similar, like, same
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'karma'.

भारताग्र्य (bhāratāgrya) - (Addressing Dhritarashtra) (O foremost of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhāratāgrya

bhāratāgrya - foremost of the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhārata+agrya)

• bhārata – descendant of Bharata, an Indian
  noun (masculine)
• agrya – foremost, best, principal
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra.