महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-32, verse-14

अजातशत्रुस्तु विहाय पापं जीर्णां त्वचं सर्प इवासमर्थाम् ।
विरोचतेऽहार्यवृत्तेन धीरो युधिष्ठिरस्त्वयि पापं विसृज्य ॥१४॥

14. ajātaśatrustu vihāya pāpaṁ; jīrṇāṁ tvacaṁ sarpa ivāsamarthām ,
virocate'hāryavṛttena dhīro; yudhiṣṭhirastvayi pāpaṁ visṛjya.

14. ajātaśatruḥ tu vihāya pāpam jīrṇām
tvacam sarpaḥ iva asamarthām
virocate ahāryavṛttena dhīraḥ
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tvayi pāpam visṛjya

14. But Ajatashatru (Yudhishthira), having abandoned sin (karma), just as a snake sheds its worn-out, useless skin, and having distanced himself from your sin (karma), the steadfast Yudhishthira shines forth with his unwavering conduct.

14. אך אַג׳ָאטַשַׁטְרוּ זנח את החטא כמו נחש שמשיל עור ישן ושחוק, ויוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה הנחוש זורח בהתנהגות שאין לגזול ממנה, אחרי שהשליך את החטא אליך.

Words meanings summery:

• अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - Yudhishthira (an epithet) (he whose enemies are unborn, having no enemies)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

• विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, having left, having given up

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, bad action

• जीर्णाम् (jīrṇām) - worn out, old, decayed

• त्वचम् (tvacam) - skin, hide

• सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - snake

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• असमर्थाम् (asamarthām) - useless, incapable, powerless

• विरोचते (virocate) - shines forth, appears splendid, is distinguished

• अहार्यवृत्तेन (ahāryavṛttena) - with unwavering conduct, with steadfast disposition

• धीरः (dhīraḥ) - firm, steadfast, resolute, wise

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name) (firm in battle)

• त्वयि (tvayi) - from you (denoting separation from the sin associated with the addressed person) (in you, upon you, from you)

• पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, bad action

• विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having cast off, having relinquished, having let go

Words meanings and morphology

अजातशत्रुः (ajātaśatruḥ) - Yudhishthira (an epithet) (he whose enemies are unborn, having no enemies)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ajātaśatru

ajātaśatru - he whose enemies are unborn; having no enemies

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+jāta+śatru)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• jāta – born, produced, arisen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• śatru – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, yet

(indeclinable)

विहाय (vihāya) - having abandoned, having left, having given up

(indeclinable)

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Absolutive/Gerund of vi-√hā.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, bad action

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, bad deed, wicked

जीर्णाम् (jīrṇām) - worn out, old, decayed

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jīrṇa

jīrṇa - worn out, old, decayed, digested

Past Passive Participle

From √jṝ (to wear out, decay)

Root: jṝ (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'tvacam'.

त्वचम् (tvacam) - skin, hide

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tvac

tvac - skin, hide, bark

सर्पः (sarpaḥ) - snake

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarpa

sarpa - snake, serpent

Root: sṛp (class 1)

Note: The subject of the simile 'like a snake'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for comparison.

असमर्थाम् (asamarthām) - useless, incapable, powerless

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of asamartha

asamartha - incapable, powerless, useless, unfit

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+samartha)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• samartha – capable, powerful, fit, appropriate
  adjective (masculine)
  From sam-√arth
  Prefix: sam
  Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'tvacam'.

विरोचते (virocate) - shines forth, appears splendid, is distinguished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vi-√ruc

From vi-√ruc (to shine)

Prefix: vi

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: The main verb of the sentence.

अहार्यवृत्तेन (ahāryavṛttena) - with unwavering conduct, with steadfast disposition

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ahāryavṛtta

ahāryavṛtta - whose conduct/disposition cannot be taken away or altered; unwavering conduct

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+hārya+vṛtta)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• hārya – to be taken away, removable, vincible
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From √hṛ (to take, carry) with suffix -ya
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• vṛtta – conduct, disposition, course, occurrence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrumental refers to the means by which he shines.

धीरः (dhīraḥ) - firm, steadfast, resolute, wise

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīra

dhīra - firm, steadfast, resolute, wise, courageous

Note: Qualifies Yudhishthira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (proper name) (firm in battle)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle (name of the eldest Pandava)

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudh – battle, fight
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The main subject.

त्वयि (tvayi) - from you (denoting separation from the sin associated with the addressed person) (in you, upon you, from you)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Locative case, can imply 'in relation to you' or 'from you' with verbs of separation.

पापम् (pāpam) - sin, evil, bad action

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, bad deed, wicked

Note: Object of 'visṛjya'.

विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having cast off, having relinquished, having let go

(indeclinable)

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Absolutive/Gerund of vi-√sṛj.

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