महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-26, verse-3

कुतो युद्धं जातु नरः प्रजानन्को दैवशप्तोऽभिवृणीत युद्धम् ।
सुखैषिणः कर्म कुर्वन्ति पार्था धर्मादहीनं यच्च लोकस्य पथ्यम् ॥३॥

3. kuto yuddhaṁ jātu naraḥ prajāna;nko daivaśapto'bhivṛṇīta yuddham ,
sukhaiṣiṇaḥ karma kurvanti pārthā; dharmādahīnaṁ yacca lokasya pathyam.

3. kutaḥ yuddham jātu naraḥ prajānan
kaḥ daivaśaptaḥ abhivṛṇīta yuddham |
sukhaiṣiṇaḥ karma kurvanti pārtha
dharmāt ahīnam yat ca lokasya pathyam

3. What man, understanding the consequences, would ever choose war, unless he is cursed by fate? O Pārtha, those who seek happiness perform actions (karma) that are not contrary to natural law (dharma) and are beneficial for society.

Words meanings summery:

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, why, for what reason

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

• जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

• नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

• प्रजानन् (prajānan) - knowing, understanding

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• दैवशप्तः (daivaśaptaḥ) - cursed by fate

• अभिवृणीत (abhivṛṇīta) - would choose, would select

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

• सुखैषिणः (sukhaiṣiṇaḥ) - those who desire happiness, happiness-seekers

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed

• कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they perform

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna)

• धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from natural law (dharma), in accordance with natural law (dharma)

• अहीनम् (ahīnam) - not inferior, not lacking, not deficient

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• च (ca) - and

• लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the people, of the world, of society

• पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial, salutary, wholesome

Words meanings and morphology

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, why, for what reason

(indeclinable)

ablative of kim, used as an indeclinable adverb

युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - war, fight, battle

derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'abhivṛṇīta'.

जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

(indeclinable)

नरः (naraḥ) - man, human being

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human, male

Root: nṛ

प्रजानन् (prajānan) - knowing, understanding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prajānat

prajānat - knowing, understanding, wise

present active participle

derived from pra- + √jñā (to know)

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies 'naraḥ'.

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Refers to 'naraḥ'.

दैवशप्तः (daivaśaptaḥ) - cursed by fate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daivaśapta

daivaśapta - cursed by fate, fated to suffer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daiva+śapta)

• daiva – of fate, divine, destiny
  noun (neuter)
  derived from deva (god)
• śapta – cursed, sworn
  adjective (past passive participle) (masculine)
  past passive participle
  derived from root śap (to curse, to swear)
  Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kaḥ'.

अभिवृणीत (abhivṛṇīta) - would choose, would select

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of abhivṛ

optative mood, middle voice

`abhi-` + `vṛ` (root 9th class, `vṛñ` 'to choose'). Optative of 'vṛ' in middle voice.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛ (class 9)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - war, battle

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - war, fight, battle

derived from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'abhivṛṇīta'.

सुखैषिणः (sukhaiṣiṇaḥ) - those who desire happiness, happiness-seekers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sukhaiṣin

sukhaiṣin - desirous of happiness, happiness-seeker

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+eṣin)

• sukha – happiness, pleasure, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• eṣin – desiring, seeking
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root √iṣ (to wish, desire)
  Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Can be used as a substantive noun.

कर्म (karma) - action, deed

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate (karma)

from root kṛ (to do)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'kurvanti'.

कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they do, they perform

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

present indicative

root `kṛ` (8th class)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Verb for 'sukhaiṣiṇaḥ'.

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

धर्मात् (dharmāt) - from natural law (dharma), in accordance with natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, religious merit, justice (dharma)

from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used with 'ahīnam' meaning "not inferior to" or "not deviating from".

अहीनम् (ahīnam) - not inferior, not lacking, not deficient

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ahīna

ahīna - not deficient, not inferior, perfect, complete

`a` (negation) + `hīna` (deficient)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hīna)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• hīna – deficient, lacking, abandoned
  adjective (past passive participle) (neuter)
  past passive participle
  derived from root hā (to leave, abandon, lose)
  Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'karma'.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'karma'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the people, of the world, of society

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, mankind, society

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Possessive, "for the people" in context.

पथ्यम् (pathyam) - beneficial, salutary, wholesome

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - beneficial, wholesome, suitable, salutary

gerundive (nīya)

from path (path, way) + -ya suffix, meaning "what is fit for the way" or "beneficial"

Root: path

Note: Predicate adjective for 'karma'.