महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-26, verse-2

अकुर्वतश्चेत्पुरुषस्य संजय सिध्येत्संकल्पो मनसा यं यमिच्छेत् ।
न कर्म कुर्याद्विदितं ममैतदन्यत्र युद्धाद्बहु यल्लघीयः ॥२॥

2. akurvataścetpuruṣasya saṁjaya; sidhyetsaṁkalpo manasā yaṁ yamicchet ,
na karma kuryādviditaṁ mamaita;danyatra yuddhādbahu yallaghīyaḥ.

2. akurvataḥ cet puruṣasya saṃjaya
sidhyet saṃkalpaḥ manasā yam yam icchet
na karma kuryāt viditam mama
etat anyatra yuddhāt bahu yat laghīyaḥ

2. O Sañjaya, if the mental resolve of an inactive person could succeed merely by whatever he wishes, then he would perform no action (karma). This is known to me: that anything other than war is much easier.

Words meanings summery:

• अकुर्वतः (akurvataḥ) - of not doing, of one who does not act, inactive

• चेत् (cet) - if

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a person, of a human being

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya!

• सिध्येत् (sidhyet) - would succeed, would be accomplished

• संकल्पः (saṁkalpaḥ) - resolve, intention, determination

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, mentally

• यम् (yam) - which, whatever (masculine accusative)

• यम् (yam) - which, whatever (masculine accusative)

• इच्छेत् (icchet) - he would wish, he should desire

• न (na) - not, no

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work, ritual (karma)

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he would do, he should do

• विदितम् (viditam) - known, understood

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• एतत् (etat) - this

• अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere, otherwise, except for

• युद्धात् (yuddhāt) - from war, than war

• बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

• यत् (yat) - which

• लघीयः (laghīyaḥ) - lighter, easier, less grievous

Words meanings and morphology

अकुर्वतः (akurvataḥ) - of not doing, of one who does not act, inactive

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of akurvat

akurvat - not doing, inactive, one who does not act

Present Active Participle (negative)

Negated form of kurvat (present active participle of √kṛ).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+kurvat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negating prefix.
• kurvat – doing, acting
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies 'puruṣasya'.

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a person, of a human being

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, the Supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and minister)

सिध्येत् (sidhyet) - would succeed, would be accomplished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of sidh

Root: sidh (class 4)

Note: Root √sidh, 4th class, Parasmaipada, optative mood, 3rd person singular.

संकल्पः (saṁkalpaḥ) - resolve, intention, determination

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkalpa

saṁkalpa - resolve, intention, determination, volition

From saṃ- (together, perfectly) + √kḷp (to be arranged, resolve).

Prefix: sam

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'sidhyet'.

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, mentally

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought

Root: man (class 4)

यम् (yam) - which, whatever (masculine accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Object of 'icchet'.

यम् (yam) - which, whatever (masculine accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Object of 'icchet'.

इच्छेत् (icchet) - he would wish, he should desire

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Root √iṣ, 6th class, Parasmaipada, optative mood, 3rd person singular.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work, ritual (karma)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

From root √kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'kuryāt'.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - he would do, he should do

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Root √kṛ, 8th class, Parasmaipada, optative mood, 3rd person singular.

विदितम् (viditam) - known, understood

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

From root √vid (to know).

Root: vid (class 2)

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Here "to me", indicating knowledge.

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the following statement.

अन्यत्र (anyatra) - elsewhere, otherwise, except for

(indeclinable)

Formed from anya + tra.

युद्धात् (yuddhāt) - from war, than war

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - war, battle, fight

Past Passive Participle

From root √yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Used for comparison "than war", or exclusion "except for war".

बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant

Note: Modifies the implied subject of 'laghīyaḥ' (that which is elsewhere than war).

यत् (yat) - which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Subject of the clause "yat laghīyaḥ".

लघीयः (laghīyaḥ) - lighter, easier, less grievous

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of laghīyas

laghīyas - lighter, easier, less, inferior

Comparative

Comparative degree of laghu (light, easy).

Note: Predicate adjective.