महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-26, verse-16

क्षत्तुर्यदा अन्ववर्तन्त बुद्धिं कृच्छ्रं कुरून्न तदाभ्याजगाम ।
यावत्प्रज्ञामन्ववर्तन्त तस्य तावत्तेषां राष्ट्रवृद्धिर्बभूव ॥१६॥

16. kṣatturyadā anvavartanta buddhiṁ; kṛcchraṁ kurūnna tadābhyājagāma ,
yāvatprajñāmanvavartanta tasya; tāvatteṣāṁ rāṣṭravṛddhirbabhūva.

16. kṣattuḥ yadā anvavartanta buddhim
kṛcchram kurūn na tadā abhyājagāma
| yāvat prajñām anvavartanta tasya
tāvat teṣām rāṣṭravṛddhiḥ babhūva

16. Whenever the Kurus followed Vidura's counsel, adversity did not befall them then. As long as they adhered to his wisdom, so long did the prosperity of their kingdom flourish.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षत्तुः (kṣattuḥ) - of Vidura, of the charioteer

• यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

• अन्ववर्तन्त (anvavartanta) - they followed, they obeyed

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - counsel, intellect, understanding

• कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - difficulty, distress, hardship, adversity

• कुरून् (kurūn) - the Kurus

• न (na) - not

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अभ्याजगाम (abhyājagāma) - came upon, approached

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as

• प्रज्ञाम् (prajñām) - wisdom, understanding

• अन्ववर्तन्त (anvavartanta) - they followed, they obeyed

• तस्य (tasya) - referring to Vidura (his)

• तावत् (tāvat) - so long, so much, to that extent

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them

• राष्ट्रवृद्धिः (rāṣṭravṛddhiḥ) - prosperity of the kingdom, growth of the realm

• बभूव (babhūva) - occurred, happened, became

Words meanings and morphology

क्षत्तुः (kṣattuḥ) - of Vidura, of the charioteer

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣattṛ

kṣattṛ - charioteer, chamberlain, a man of mixed caste, Vidura (specific context)

यदा (yadā) - when, whenever

(indeclinable)

अन्ववर्तन्त (anvavartanta) - they followed, they obeyed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (luṅ) of anu-vṛt

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - counsel, intellect, understanding

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, perception, counsel

Root: budh (class 1)

कृच्छ्रम् (kṛcchram) - difficulty, distress, hardship, adversity

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficult, painful, distress, hardship, adversity

कुरून् (kurūn) - the Kurus

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants, the Kauravas)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अभ्याजगाम (abhyājagāma) - came upon, approached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of abhi-ā-gam

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as

(indeclinable)

प्रज्ञाम् (prajñām) - wisdom, understanding

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, intelligence, understanding, discernment

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

अन्ववर्तन्त (anvavartanta) - they followed, they obeyed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (luṅ) of anu-vṛt

Prefix: anu

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - referring to Vidura (his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तावत् (tāvat) - so long, so much, to that extent

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राष्ट्रवृद्धिः (rāṣṭravṛddhiḥ) - prosperity of the kingdom, growth of the realm

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rāṣṭravṛddhi

rāṣṭravṛddhi - growth of the kingdom, prosperity of the nation, state's welfare

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāṣṭra+vṛddhi)

• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, nation, country
  noun (neuter)
• vṛddhi – growth, increase, prosperity, augmentation
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

बभूव (babhūva) - occurred, happened, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)