महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-26, verse-11

अनाप्तः सन्नाप्ततमस्य वाचं सुयोधनो विदुरस्यावमन्य ।
सुतस्य राजा धृतराष्ट्रः प्रियैषी संबुध्यमानो विशतेऽधर्ममेव ॥११॥

11. anāptaḥ sannāptatamasya vācaṁ; suyodhano vidurasyāvamanya ,
sutasya rājā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ priyaiṣī; saṁbudhyamāno viśate'dharmameva.

11. anāptaḥ san āptatamasya vācam
suyodhanaḥ vidurasya avamanya sutasya
rājā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ priyaiṣī
saṃbudhyamānaḥ viśate adharmam eva

11. Duryodhana, who was untrustworthy, disregarded the advice (vācam) of the most reliable Vidura. King Dhritarashtra, being devoted to his son, even though he fully understood (saṃbudhyamāna) [the implications], indeed entered into unrighteousness (adharma).

Words meanings summery:

• अनाप्तः (anāptaḥ) - unreliable, untrustworthy, not a friend, not attained

• सन् (san) - being, existing

• आप्ततमस्य (āptatamasya) - of the most trustworthy, of the most reliable

• वाचम् (vācam) - word, speech, advice

• सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra)

• विदुरस्य (vidurasya) - of Vidura

• अवमन्य (avamanya) - having disregarded, having despised, having slighted

• सुतस्य (sutasya) - of the son

• राजा (rājā) - king

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

• प्रियैषी (priyaiṣī) - desirous of good, wishing well, devoted to (his son's welfare)

• संबुध्यमानः (saṁbudhyamānaḥ) - understanding, realizing, knowing fully

• विशते (viśate) - enters, goes into

• अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma)

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

Words meanings and morphology

अनाप्तः (anāptaḥ) - unreliable, untrustworthy, not a friend, not attained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anāpta

anāpta - unreliable, untrustworthy, not a friend, not attained

Past Passive Participle

From root āp (to obtain, reach) with a- (negation) and suffix ta, used as an adjective.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+āpta)

• a – not, un- (negation prefix)
  indeclinable
• āpta – obtained, reached, trustworthy, reliable, friend
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root āp (to obtain, reach) + kta suffix.
  Root: āp (class 5)

सन् (san) - being, existing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be) with suffix śatṛ.

Root: as (class 2)

आप्ततमस्य (āptatamasya) - of the most trustworthy, of the most reliable

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of āptatama

āptatama - most trustworthy, most reliable, most excellent

superlative

Superlative degree of āpta (trustworthy, reliable) with suffix tamap.

वाचम् (vācam) - word, speech, advice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - word, speech, voice, advice, language

Root: vac

सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (son of Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - Duryodhana (a proper name, eldest son of Dhritarashtra)

विदुरस्य (vidurasya) - of Vidura

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (a proper name, half-brother of Dhritarashtra, known for his wisdom)

अवमन्य (avamanya) - having disregarded, having despised, having slighted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root man (to think, regard) with prefix ava (down, away) and suffix lyaP.

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

सुतस्य (sutasya) - of the son

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, child

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root sū (to bring forth, beget) + kta suffix.

Root: sū (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (a proper name, father of the Kauravas)

प्रियैषी (priyaiṣī) - desirous of good, wishing well, devoted to (his son's welfare)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priyaiṣin

priyaiṣin - wishing well, seeking advantage, desirous of good, benevolent

From priya (dear, beloved) + eṣin (seeking, desiring).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+eṣin)

• priya – dear, beloved, agreeable
  adjective (masculine)
• eṣin – seeking, desiring, going
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root iṣ (to seek, desire)
  From root iṣ (to seek, desire) + ṇini suffix.
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

संबुध्यमानः (saṁbudhyamānaḥ) - understanding, realizing, knowing fully

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃbudhyamāna

saṁbudhyamāna - understanding, realizing, knowing fully, becoming aware

Present Middle Participle

From root budh (to know, perceive) with prefix sam (together, completely) and suffix śānac.

Prefix: sam

Root: budh (class 1)

विशते (viśate) - enters, goes into

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of viś

3rd person singular present middle

Root viś (to enter), present tense, atmanepada form. Often viśati (parasmaipada).

Root: viś (class 6)

अधर्मम् (adharmam) - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, violation of natural law (dharma), demerit, evil

Compound with negative prefix a- and dharma.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, un- (negation prefix)
  indeclinable
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)