महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-23, verse-12

सर्वे कुरुभ्यः स्पृहयन्ति संजय धनुर्धरा ये पृथिव्यां युवानः ।
येषां राष्ट्रे निवसति दर्शनीयो महेष्वासः शीलवान्द्रोणपुत्रः ॥१२॥

12. sarve kurubhyaḥ spṛhayanti saṁjaya; dhanurdharā ye pṛthivyāṁ yuvānaḥ ,
yeṣāṁ rāṣṭre nivasati darśanīyo; maheṣvāsaḥ śīlavāndroṇaputraḥ.

12. sarve kurubhyaḥ spṛhayanti saṃjaya
dhanurdharāḥ ye pṛthivyām yuvānaḥ
| yeṣām rāṣṭre nivasati darśanīyaḥ
maheṣvāsaḥ śīlavān droṇaputraḥ

12. O Sanjaya, all the young bow-wielders on earth admire the Kurus, because Drona's son – who is handsome, a great archer, and of good character – resides in their kingdom.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• कुरुभ्यः (kurubhyaḥ) - to the Kurus

• स्पृहयन्ति (spṛhayanti) - they envy, they desire, they long for

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

• धनुर्धराः (dhanurdharāḥ) - bow-wielders, archers

• ये (ye) - who, which

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth

• युवानः (yuvānaḥ) - young men

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

• राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom, in the country

• निवसति (nivasati) - he/she/it dwells, resides

• दर्शनीयः (darśanīyaḥ) - handsome, pleasing to look at, beautiful

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer, one with a great bow

• शीलवान् (śīlavān) - virtuous, of good character

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (Drona's son)

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

कुरुभ्यः (kurubhyaḥ) - to the Kurus

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants, denoting the Kuru kingdom or people)

स्पृहयन्ति (spṛhayanti) - they envy, they desire, they long for

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of spṛh

Root: spṛh (class 10)

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (proper name)

धनुर्धराः (dhanurdharāḥ) - bow-wielders, archers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhanurdhara

dhanurdhara - bow-bearer, archer

Compound formed with root dhṛ (to bear) acting as an agent

Compound type : upapada tatpurusha (dhanus+dhara)

• dhanus – bow, weapon
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding
  adjective
  agent noun from root dhṛ
  Derived from root √dhṛ (to bear, hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground

युवानः (yuvānaḥ) - young men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yuvan

yuvan - young, youth, young man

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose, of whom

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

राष्ट्रे (rāṣṭre) - in the kingdom, in the country

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, realm, country

निवसति (nivasati) - he/she/it dwells, resides

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of nivas

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

दर्शनीयः (darśanīyaḥ) - handsome, pleasing to look at, beautiful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of darśanīya

darśanīya - handsome, beautiful, visible, worth seeing

Gerundive/Passive Participle

Derived from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -anīya

Root: dṛś (class 1)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - a great archer, one with a great bow

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one having a great bow

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+īṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• īṣvāsa – bow, arrow
  noun (masculine)

शीलवान् (śīlavān) - virtuous, of good character

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śīlavat

śīlavat - virtuous, moral, of good character

Possessive adjective from śīla (character) with suffix -vat

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāmā (Drona's son)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Drona

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Drona (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)