महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-23, verse-17

एतज्ज्योतिरुत्तमं जीवलोके शुक्लं प्रजानां विहितं विधात्रा ।
ते चेल्लोभं न नियच्छन्ति मन्दाः कृत्स्नो नाशो भविता कौरवाणाम् ॥१७॥

17. etajjyotiruttamaṁ jīvaloke; śuklaṁ prajānāṁ vihitaṁ vidhātrā ,
te cellobhaṁ na niyacchanti mandāḥ; kṛtsno nāśo bhavitā kauravāṇām.

17. etat jyotiḥ uttamam jīva-loke
śuklam prajānām vihitam vidhātrā te
cet lobham na niyacchanti mandāḥ
kṛtsnaḥ nāśaḥ bhavitā kauravāṇām

17. This is the supreme, pure light in the world of living beings, ordained by the Creator (vidhātṛ) for all people (prajā). If those foolish ones do not control their greed (lobha), then utter destruction will certainly come upon the Kauravas.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this

• ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light, luster

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, best, highest

• जीव-लोके (jīva-loke) - in the world of living beings, in the mortal world

• शुक्लम् (śuklam) - pure, white, bright

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the people, of creatures, of subjects

• विहितम् (vihitam) - ordained, established, arranged, bestowed

• विधात्रा (vidhātrā) - by the Creator, by the ordainer

• ते (te) - those foolish ones (referring to the Kauravas) (those)

• चेत् (cet) - if

• लोभम् (lobham) - greed, covetousness

• न (na) - not, no

• नियच्छन्ति (niyacchanti) - they control, restrain, hold back

• मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - foolish, dull, slow

• कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - complete, entire, whole

• नाशः (nāśaḥ) - destruction, ruin, loss

• भविता (bhavitā) - will be, will happen

• कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kauravas

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that

ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - light, luster

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, radiance, star

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - supreme, best, highest

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - supreme, best, highest, excellent

जीव-लोके (jīva-loke) - in the world of living beings, in the mortal world

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jīva-loka

jīva-loka - world of living beings, mortal world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jīva+loka)

• jīva – living, alive; a living being, soul
  adjective (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)

शुक्लम् (śuklam) - pure, white, bright

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śukla

śukla - white, bright, pure, clear

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the people, of creatures, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, people, subjects, creatures

विहितम् (vihitam) - ordained, established, arranged, bestowed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vi-dhā

vi-dhā - to arrange, to ordain, to establish, to create, to bestow

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhā with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

विधात्रा (vidhātrā) - by the Creator, by the ordainer

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhātṛ

vidhātṛ - creator, ordainer, disposer

ते (te) - those foolish ones (referring to the Kauravas) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

लोभम् (lobham) - greed, covetousness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness, avarice

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

नियच्छन्ति (niyacchanti) - they control, restrain, hold back

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of ni-yam

Present Tense

3rd person, plural, active voice

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

मन्दाः (mandāḥ) - foolish, dull, slow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manda

manda - slow, dull, foolish, weak

कृत्स्नः (kṛtsnaḥ) - complete, entire, whole

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - complete, entire, whole, all

नाशः (nāśaḥ) - destruction, ruin, loss

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāśa

nāśa - destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance

भविता (bhavitā) - will be, will happen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (luṭ) of bhū

Future Tense

3rd person, singular, active voice (Luṭ lakāra)

Root: bhū (class 1)

कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kurus (esp. Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons)

Taddhita (aṇ) derivation from Kuru

Compound type : taddhita (kuru)

• kuru – Kuru (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)