महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-19, verse-13

इतश्चेतश्च पाण्डूनां समाजग्मुर्महात्मनाम् ।
अक्षौहिण्यस्तु सप्तैव विविधध्वजसंकुलाः ।
युयुत्समानाः कुरुभिः पाण्डवान्समहर्षयन् ॥१३॥

13. itaścetaśca pāṇḍūnāṁ samājagmurmahātmanām ,
akṣauhiṇyastu saptaiva vividhadhvajasaṁkulāḥ ,
yuyutsamānāḥ kurubhiḥ pāṇḍavānsamaharṣayan.

13. itaḥ ca cetaḥ ca pāṇḍūnām samājagmuḥ
mahātmanām akṣauhiṇyaḥ tu sapta
eva vividhadhvajasankulāḥ yuyutsamānāḥ
kurubhiḥ pāṇḍavān samaharṣayan

13. From all directions, exactly seven akṣauhiṇīs, adorned with various banners, assembled for the great-souled Pāṇḍavas. These forces, eager to fight the Kurus, greatly gladdened the Pāṇḍavas.

Words meanings summery:

• इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hither

• च (ca) - and, also

• चेतः (cetaḥ) - from there, thither

• च (ca) - and, also

• पाण्डूनाम् (pāṇḍūnām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - they gathered, they came together

• महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled Pāṇḍavas (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)

• अक्षौहिण्यः (akṣauhiṇyaḥ) - akṣauhiṇīs (a large army division)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, while

• सप्त (sapta) - seven

• एव (eva) - exactly (only, indeed, just)

• विविधध्वजसन्कुलाः (vividhadhvajasankulāḥ) - crowded with various banners, filled with diverse flags

• युयुत्समानाः (yuyutsamānāḥ) - eager to fight (desirous of fighting, intending to fight)

• कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - with the Kurus, by the Kurus

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

• समहर्षयन् (samaharṣayan) - they greatly gladdened, they caused to rejoice

Words meanings and morphology

इतः (itaḥ) - from here, hither

(indeclinable)

Formed with the `tas` suffix.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

चेतः (cetaḥ) - from there, thither

(indeclinable)

Formed from `ci` (that) + `tas` (suffix). Used as an adverb of place.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पाण्डूनाम् (pāṇḍūnām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king); yellowish-white

Here referring to the dynasty or lineage of King Pāṇḍu.

समाजग्मुः (samājagmuḥ) - they gathered, they came together

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

Perfect (liṭ) form, 3rd person plural, with prefixes `sam-ā-`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

महात्मनाम् (mahātmanām) - of the great-souled Pāṇḍavas (of the great-souled ones, of the noble ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnanimous, distinguished

Compound of `mahā` (great) and `ātman` (soul, self).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

अक्षौहिण्यः (akṣauhiṇyaḥ) - akṣauhiṇīs (a large army division)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of akṣauhiṇī

akṣauhiṇī - an akṣauhiṇī (a specific large division of an army, typically consisting of 21,870 chariots, 21,870 elephants, 65,610 cavalry, and 109,350 infantry)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, while

(indeclinable)

सप्त (sapta) - seven

(numeral)

एव (eva) - exactly (only, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

विविधध्वजसन्कुलाः (vividhadhvajasankulāḥ) - crowded with various banners, filled with diverse flags

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vividhadhvajasankula

vividhadhvajasankula - crowded/filled with various banners

Compound of `vividha` (various), `dhvaja` (banner), and `sankula` (crowded, full of).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vividha+dhvaja+sankula)

• vividha – various, diverse, manifold
  adjective
• dhvaja – banner, flag, standard
  noun (masculine)
• sankula – crowded, filled, confused, disordered
  adjective
  From `sam-kula` (root `kul` to accumulate).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `akṣauhiṇyaḥ`.

युयुत्समानाः (yuyutsamānāḥ) - eager to fight (desirous of fighting, intending to fight)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of yuyutsamāna

yuyutsamāna - desirous of fighting, eager to fight

Present Participle (śānac suffix), Desiderative

Desiderative stem of root `yudh` (to fight) with `śānac` suffix.

Root: yudh (class 4)

कुरुभिः (kurubhiḥ) - with the Kurus, by the Kurus

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants); a specific people/dynasty

Refers to the descendants of King Kuru, specifically the Kauravas.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the sons of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu; the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

Derived from `Pāṇḍu`.

समहर्षयन् (samaharṣayan) - they greatly gladdened, they caused to rejoice

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of harṣaya

Causative

From root `hṛṣ` (to be excited, rejoice) with causative suffix `-aya`, and prefix `sam-`. Imperfect (laṅ) form, 3rd person plural.

Prefix: sam

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)