महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-19, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
युयुधानस्ततो वीरः सात्वतानां महारथः ।
महता चतुरङ्गेण बलेनागाद्युधिष्ठिरम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
yuyudhānastato vīraḥ sātvatānāṁ mahārathaḥ ,
mahatā caturaṅgeṇa balenāgādyudhiṣṭhiram.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | yuyudhānaḥ tataḥ vīraḥ sātvatānām
mahārathaḥ | mahatā caturaṅgeṇa balena agāt yudhiṣṭhiram

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, the heroic Yuyudhāna (Satyaki), a great charioteer among the Sātvatas, came to Yudhiṣṭhira with a large four-fold army.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• युयुधानः (yuyudhānaḥ) - Yuyudhāna (Satyaki)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave one, warrior

• सात्वतानाम् (sātvatānām) - of the Sātvatas

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer

• महता (mahatā) - with a great, by a large

• चतुरङ्गेण (caturaṅgeṇa) - with a four-fold army (infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots) (four-limbed (army))

• बलेन (balena) - with the army, by the force

• अगात् (agāt) - went, came

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

root 'vac', perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

युयुधानः (yuyudhānaḥ) - Yuyudhāna (Satyaki)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuyudhāna

yuyudhāna - name of a Vṛṣṇi hero, also called Sātyaki

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

वीरः (vīraḥ) - hero, brave one, warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - man, hero, brave, warrior

सात्वतानाम् (sātvatānām) - of the Sātvatas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sātvata

sātvata - a member of the Sātvata clan (a branch of the Yadu dynasty)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great charioteer (one who can fight 10,000 warriors)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, war-chariot; a charioteer (often implied in compounds for warriors)
  noun (masculine)

महता (mahatā) - with a great, by a large

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Agrees with 'balena'

चतुरङ्गेण (caturaṅgeṇa) - with a four-fold army (infantry, cavalry, elephants, chariots) (four-limbed (army))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of caturaṅga

caturaṅga - having four limbs/parts; a four-fold army

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (catur+aṅga)

• catur – four
  numeral
• aṅga – limb, part, division
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'balena'

बलेन (balena) - with the army, by the force

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

अगात् (agāt) - went, came

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of gam

aorist active

root 'gam', aorist (luṅ) tense, 3rd person singular

Root: gam (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother