महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-19, verse-18

तस्य तैः पुरुषव्याघ्रैर्वनमालाधरैर्बलम् ।
अशोभत यथा मत्तैर्वनं प्रक्रीडितैर्गजैः ॥१८॥

18. tasya taiḥ puruṣavyāghrairvanamālādharairbalam ,
aśobhata yathā mattairvanaṁ prakrīḍitairgajaiḥ.

18. tasya taiḥ puruṣa-vyāghraiḥ vana-mālā-dharaiḥ balam
aśobhata yathā mattaiḥ vanam prakrīḍitaiḥ gajaiḥ

18. His army, with those tiger-like men adorned with forest garlands, shone like a forest (vana) with sportive, intoxicated elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Duryodhana) (his, its, of him, of it)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (men) (by them, with them)

• पुरुष-व्याघ्रैः (puruṣa-vyāghraiḥ) - by those tiger-like men (i.e., brave warriors) (by tiger-like men, by excellent men)

• वन-माला-धरैः (vana-mālā-dharaiḥ) - by those adorned with forest garlands (by those wearing forest garlands)

• बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

• अशोभत (aśobhata) - shone (it shone, it was beautiful)

• यथा (yathā) - like (as, just as, in what manner)

• मत्तैः (mattaiḥ) - by intoxicated (elephants) (by intoxicated, by rutting (elephants))

• वनम् (vanam) - a forest (vana) (forest, wood, grove)

• प्रक्रीडितैः (prakrīḍitaiḥ) - by sportive (elephants) (by those playing, sporting, frolicking)

• गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Duryodhana) (his, its, of him, of it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (men) (by them, with them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the men who make up the army.

पुरुष-व्याघ्रैः (puruṣa-vyāghraiḥ) - by those tiger-like men (i.e., brave warriors) (by tiger-like men, by excellent men)

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

वन-माला-धरैः (vana-mālā-dharaiḥ) - by those adorned with forest garlands (by those wearing forest garlands)

(compound adjective)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (vana-mālā+dhara)

• vana-mālā – forest garland
  compound noun (feminine)
• dhara – bearing, holding, wearing
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root √dhṛ (to bear, hold, wear)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

बलम् (balam) - army (army, force, strength)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, army, troops

अशोभत (aśobhata) - shone (it shone, it was beautiful)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of √śubh

Imperfect tense, singular number, 3rd person

Form of the verb √śubh (to shine), in the imperfect tense (laṅ), 3rd person, singular, middle voice.

Root: śubh (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - like (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

मत्तैः (mattaiḥ) - by intoxicated (elephants) (by intoxicated, by rutting (elephants))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of matta

matta - intoxicated, drunk, rutting (of elephants), maddened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √mad (to be exhilarated, intoxicated)

Root: mad (class 4)

वनम् (vanam) - a forest (vana) (forest, wood, grove)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove; water; collection

प्रक्रीडितैः (prakrīḍitaiḥ) - by sportive (elephants) (by those playing, sporting, frolicking)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prakrīḍita

prakrīḍita - played, sported, frolicked; sportive, playful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √krīḍ (to play) with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant